Is there any way to sort strings in all languages?

Question

I have this code. It sorts correctly in French and Russian. I used Locale.US and it seems to be right. Is this solution do right with all languages out there? Does it work with other languages? For example: Chinese, Korean, Japanese... If not, what is the better solution?

public class CollationTest {
    public static void main(final String[] args) {
        final Collator collator = Collator.getInstance(Locale.US);
        final SortedSet<String> set = new TreeSet<String>(collator);

        set.add("abîmer");
        set.add("abîmé");
        set.add("aberrer");
        set.add("abhorrer");
        set.add("aberrance");
        set.add("abécédaire");
        set.add("abducteur");
        set.add("abdomen");

        set.add("государственно-монополистический");
        set.add("гостить");
        set.add("гостевой");
        set.add("гостеприимный");
        set.add("госпожа");
        set.add("госплан");
        set.add("господи");
        set.add("господа");

        for(final String s : set) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

Update: Sorry, I don't require this set must contain all languages in order. I mean this set contain one language and sort correctly in every languages.

public class CollationTest {
    public static void main(final String[] args) {
        final Collator collator = Collator.getInstance(Locale.US);
        final SortedSet<String> set = new TreeSet<String>(collator);

        // Sorting in French.
        set.clear();
        set.add("abîmer");
        set.add("abîmé");
        set.add("aberrer");
        set.add("abhorrer");
        set.add("aberrance");
        set.add("abécédaire");
        set.add("abducteur");
        set.add("abdomen");
        for(final String s : set) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }

        // Sorting in Russian.
        set.clear();
        set.add("государственно-монополистический");
        set.add("гостить");
        set.add("гостевой");
        set.add("гостеприимный");
        set.add("госпожа");
        set.add("госплан");
        set.add("господи");
        set.add("господа");
        for(final String s : set) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

Because of every language has its own alphabetic order you can not. For example,

Russian language as you stated has с letter has a different order than Turkish language.

You should always use collator. What I can suggest you is to us Collection API.

    //
    // Define a collator for German language
    //
    Collator collator = Collator.getInstance(Locale.GERMAN);

    //
    // Sort the list using Collator
    //
    Collections.sort(words, collator);

For futher information check and as stated here

This program shows what can happen when you sort the same list of words with two different collators:

Collator fr_FRCollator = Collator.getInstance(new Locale("fr","FR"));

Collator en_USCollator = Collator.getInstance(new Locale("en","US"));

The method for sorting, called sortStrings, can be used with any Collator. Notice that the sortStrings method invokes the compare method:

 public static void sortStrings(Collator collator, 
                           String[] words) {
  String tmp;
     for (int i = 0; i < words.length; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < words.length; j++) { 
           if (collator.compare(words[i], words[j]) > 0) {
              tmp = words[i];
              words[i] = words[j];
              words[j] = tmp;
           }
         }
      }
 }

The English Collator sorts the words as follows:

peach péché pêche sin

According to the collation rules of the French language, the preceding list is in the wrong order. In French péché should follow pêche in a sorted list. The French Collator sorts the array of words correctly, as follows:

peach pêche péché sin

Answer 2

Even if you could accurately detect the language being used, useful collation orders are usually specific to a particular language+country combination. And even within a language+country, collation can vary depending on usage or certain customisations.

However, if you do need to sort arbitrary sets of text, your best bet is the Unicode Collation Algorithm, which defines a language-independent collation for any Unicode text. The algorithm is customisable, but doesn't necessary give results that make sense to any one culture (and definitely not across them).

Java's collation classes don't implement this algorithm, but it is available as part of ICU's RuleBaseCollator.