How to find out if (the source code of) a function contains a call to a method from a specific module?

Question

Let's say, I have a bunch of functions a, b, c, d and e and I want to find out if they call any method from the random module:

def a():
    pass

def b():
    import random

def c():
    import random
    random.randint(0, 1)

def d():
    import random as ra
    ra.randint(0, 1)

def e():
    from random import randint as ra
    ra(0, 1)

I want to write a function uses_module so I can expect these assertions to pass:

assert uses_module(a) == False
assert uses_module(b) == False
assert uses_module(c) == True
assert uses_module(d) == True
assert uses_module(e) == True

(uses_module(b) is False because random is only imported but never one of its methods called.)

I can't modify a, b, c, d and e. So I thought it might be possible to use ast for this and walk along the function's code which I get from inspect.getsource. But I'm open to any other proposals, this was only an idea how it could work.

This is as far as I've come with ast:

def uses_module(function):
    import ast
    import inspect
    nodes = ast.walk(ast.parse(inspect.getsource(function)))
    for node in nodes:
        print(node.__dict__)

Answer 1

This is a work in progress, but perhaps it will spark a better idea. I am using the types of nodes in the AST to attempt to assert that a module is imported and some function it provides is used.

I have added what may be the necessary pieces to determine that this is the case to a checker defaultdict which can be evaluated for some set of conditions, but I am not using all key value pairs to establish an assertion for your use cases.

def uses_module(function):
    """
    (WIP) assert that a function uses a module
    """
    import ast
    import inspect
    nodes = ast.walk(ast.parse(inspect.getsource(function)))
    checker = defaultdict(set)
    for node in nodes:
        if type(node) in [ast.alias, ast.Import, ast.Name, ast.Attribute]:
            nd = node.__dict__
            if type(node) == ast.alias:
                checker['alias'].add(nd.get('name'))
            if nd.get('name') and nd.get('asname'):
                checker['name'].add(nd.get('name'))
                checker['asname'].add(nd.get('asname'))
            if nd.get('ctx') and nd.get('attr'):
                checker['attr'].add(nd.get('attr'))
            if nd.get('id'):
                checker['id'].add(hex(id(nd.get('ctx'))))
            if nd.get('value') and nd.get('ctx'):
                checker['value'].add(hex(id(nd.get('ctx'))))

    # print(dict(checker)) for debug

    # This check passes your use cases, but probably needs to be expanded
    if checker.get('alias') and checker.get('id'):
        return True
    return False