How to change default view location scheme in ASP.NET MVC?

Question

I want to change view locations at runtime based on current UI culture. How can I achieve this with default Web Form view engine?

Basically I want to know how implement with WebFormViewEngine something what is custom IDescriptorFilter in Spark.

Is there other view engine which gives me runtime control over view locations?

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Edit: My URLs should looks following {lang}/{controller}/{action}/{id}. I don't need language dependent controllers and views are localized with resources. However few of the views will be different in some languages. So I need to tell view engine to looks to the language specific folder first.

Answer 1

A simple solution would be to, in your Appication_Start get hold of the appropriate ViewEngine from the ViewEngines.Engines collection and update its ViewLocationFormats array and PartialViewLocationFormats. No hackery: it's read/write by default.

protected void Application_Start() {     ...     // Allow looking up views in ~/Features/ directory     var razorEngine = ViewEngines.Engines.OfType<RazorViewEngine>().First();     razorEngine.ViewLocationFormats = razorEngine.ViewLocationFormats.Concat(new string[]      {          "~/Features/{1}/{0}.cshtml"     }).ToArray();     ...     // also: razorEngine.PartialViewLocationFormats if required } 

The default one for Razor looks like this:

ViewLocationFormats = new string[] {     "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",     "~/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml",     "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",     "~/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml" }; 

Note that you may want to update PartialViewLocationFormats also.

Answer 2

VirtualPathProviderViewEngine.GetPathFromGeneralName must be changed to allow an additional parameter from the route. Its not public, that's why you have to copy GetPath, GetPathFromGeneralName, IsSpecificPath ...over to your own ViewEngine implementation.

You are right: this looks like a complete rewrite. I wished GetPathFromGeneralName was public.

using System.Web.Mvc; using System; using System.Web.Hosting; using System.Globalization; using System.Linq;  namespace MvcLocalization {     public class LocalizationWebFormViewEngine : WebFormViewEngine     {         private const string _cacheKeyFormat = ":ViewCacheEntry:{0}:{1}:{2}:{3}:";         private const string _cacheKeyPrefix_Master = "Master";         private const string _cacheKeyPrefix_Partial = "Partial";         private const string _cacheKeyPrefix_View = "View";         private static readonly string[] _emptyLocations = new string[0];          public LocalizationWebFormViewEngine()         {             base.ViewLocationFormats = new string[] {                      "~/Views/{1}/{2}/{0}.aspx",                      "~/Views/{1}/{2}/{0}.ascx",                      "~/Views/Shared/{2}/{0}.aspx",                      "~/Views/Shared/{2}/{0}.ascx" ,                      "~/Views/{1}/{0}.aspx",                      "~/Views/{1}/{0}.ascx",                      "~/Views/Shared/{0}.aspx",                      "~/Views/Shared/{0}.ascx"               };          }          private VirtualPathProvider _vpp;          public override ViewEngineResult FindView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string viewName, string masterName, bool useCache)         {             if (controllerContext == null)                 throw new ArgumentNullException("controllerContext");              if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(viewName))                 throw new ArgumentException( "viewName");              string[] viewLocationsSearched;             string[] masterLocationsSearched;              string controllerName = controllerContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("controller");             string viewPath = GetPath(controllerContext, ViewLocationFormats, "ViewLocationFormats", viewName, controllerName, _cacheKeyPrefix_View, useCache, out viewLocationsSearched);             string masterPath = GetPath(controllerContext, MasterLocationFormats, "MasterLocationFormats", masterName, controllerName, _cacheKeyPrefix_Master, useCache, out masterLocationsSearched);              if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(viewPath) || (String.IsNullOrEmpty(masterPath) && !String.IsNullOrEmpty(masterName)))             {                  return new ViewEngineResult(viewLocationsSearched.Union(masterLocationsSearched));             }              return new ViewEngineResult(CreateView(controllerContext, viewPath, masterPath), this);         }          private string GetPath(ControllerContext controllerContext, string[] locations, string locationsPropertyName, string name, string controllerName, string cacheKeyPrefix, bool useCache, out string[] searchedLocations)         {             searchedLocations = _emptyLocations;              if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(name))                 return String.Empty;              if (locations == null || locations.Length == 0)                 throw new InvalidOperationException();              bool nameRepresentsPath = IsSpecificPath(name);             string cacheKey = CreateCacheKey(cacheKeyPrefix, name, (nameRepresentsPath) ? String.Empty : controllerName);              if (useCache)             {                 string result = ViewLocationCache.GetViewLocation(controllerContext.HttpContext, cacheKey);                 if (result != null)                 {                     return result;                 }             }              return (nameRepresentsPath) ?                 GetPathFromSpecificName(controllerContext, name, cacheKey, ref searchedLocations) :                 GetPathFromGeneralName(controllerContext, locations, name, controllerName, cacheKey, ref searchedLocations);         }          private string GetPathFromGeneralName(ControllerContext controllerContext, string[] locations, string name, string controllerName, string cacheKey, ref string[] searchedLocations)         {             string result = String.Empty;             searchedLocations = new string[locations.Length];             string language = controllerContext.RouteData.Values["lang"].ToString();              for (int i = 0; i < locations.Length; i++)             {                 string virtualPath = String.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, locations[i], name, controllerName,language);                  if (FileExists(controllerContext, virtualPath))                 {                     searchedLocations = _emptyLocations;                     result = virtualPath;                     ViewLocationCache.InsertViewLocation(controllerContext.HttpContext, cacheKey, result);                     break;                 }                  searchedLocations[i] = virtualPath;             }              return result;         }          private string CreateCacheKey(string prefix, string name, string controllerName)         {             return String.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, _cacheKeyFormat,                 GetType().AssemblyQualifiedName, prefix, name, controllerName);         }          private string GetPathFromSpecificName(ControllerContext controllerContext, string name, string cacheKey, ref string[] searchedLocations)         {             string result = name;              if (!FileExists(controllerContext, name))             {                 result = String.Empty;                 searchedLocations = new[] { name };             }              ViewLocationCache.InsertViewLocation(controllerContext.HttpContext, cacheKey, result);             return result;         }          private static bool IsSpecificPath(string name)         {             char c = name[0];             return (c == '~' || c == '/');         }      } }