How do I merge two tables without naming all columns?

Question

So say I have these two tables with the same columns. Use your imagination to make them bigger:

USER_COUNTERPARTY:
ID  |Name                        |Credit Rating    |Sovereign Risk    |Invoicing Type
----+----------------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------
1   |Nat Bank of Transnistria    |7                |93                |Automatic
2   |Acme Ltd.                   |25               |12                |Automatic
3   |CowBInd LLP.                |49               |12                |Manual

TEMP:
ID  |Name                        |Credit Rating    |Sovereign Risk    |Invoicing Type
----+----------------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------
2   |Acacacme Ltd.               |31               |12                |Manual
4   |Disenthralled Nimrod Corp.  |31               |52                |Automatic

and I want to merge them into one, replacing with the second one whatever has the same ID in the first one, and inserting whatever is not there. I can use this statement:

MERGE INTO USER_COUNTERPARTY C
USING TEMP T
ON (C.COUNTER_ID = T.COUNTER_ID)
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET
    C.COUNTER_NAME = T.COUNTER_NAME,
    C.COUNTER_CREDIT = T.COUNTER_CREDIT,
    C.COUNTER_SVRN_RISK = T.COUNTER_SVRN_RISK,
    C.COUNTER_INVOICE_TYPE = T.COUNTER_INVOICE_TYPE
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT VALUES (
    T.COUNTER_ID,
    T.COUNTER_NAME,
    T.COUNTER_CREDIT,
    T.COUNTER_SVRN_RISK,
    T.COUNTER_INVOICE_TYPE);

Which is nice enough, but notice that I have to name each of the columns. Is there any way to merge these tables without having to name all the columns? Oracle documentation insists that I use column names after both 'insert' and 'set' in a merger, so some other statement might be needed. The result should be this:

ID  |Name                        |Credit Rating    |Sovereign Risk    |Invoicing Type
----+----------------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------
1   |Nat Bank of Transnistria    |7                |93                |Automatic
2   |Acacacme Ltd.               |31               |12                |Manual
3   |CowBInd LLP.                |49               |12                |Manual
4   |Disenthralled Nimrod Corp.  |31               |52                |Automatic

In case it helps I'm pasting this here:

CREATE TABLE USER_COUNTERPARTY
( COUNTER_ID             INTEGER       NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
  COUNTER_NAME           VARCHAR(38),
  COUNTER_CREDIT         INTEGER,
  COUNTER_SVRN_RISK      INTEGER,
  COUNTER_INVOICE_TYPE   VARCHAR(10) );

INSERT ALL
INTO USER_COUNTERPARTY VALUES (1, ‘Nat Bank of Transnistria’, 7, 93, ‘Automatic’)
INTO USER_COUNTERPARTY VALUES (2, ‘Acme Ltd.’, 25, 12, ‘Manual’)
INTO USER_COUNTERPARTY VALUES (3, ‘CowBInd LLP.’, 49, 12, ‘Manual’)
SELECT * FROM DUAL;

CREATE TABLE TEMP AS SELECT * FROM USER_COUNTERPARTY;
DELETE FROM TEMP;

INSERT ALL
INTO TEMP VALUES (2, ‘Conoco Ltd.’, 25, 12, ‘Automatic’)
INTO TEMP VALUES (4, ‘Disenthralled Nimrod Corp.’, 63, 12, ‘Manual’)
SELECT * FROM DUAL;

Answer 1

I believe the only option you have to avoid using the column names is two separate statements:

delete from USER_COUNTERPARTY UC
      where exists
              (select null
                 from TEMP T
                where T.COUNTER_ID = UC.COUNTER_ID);

insert into USER_COUNTERPARTY UC
  select *
    from TEMP T
   where not exists
           (select null
              from USER_COUNTERPARTY UC
             where T.COUNTER_ID = UC.COUNTER_ID);