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What is end-to-end testing, and what is the difference between it and system testing?
They both seem the same and check the application as a whole. Definitions on the net are very confusing.
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End-to-end testing, also known as E2E testing, is a methodology used for ensuring that applications behave as expected and that the flow of data is maintained for all kinds of user tasks and processes. This type of testing approach starts from the end user's perspective and simulates a real-world scenario.
End-to-End testing is typically performed by a technical QA team, whereas User Acceptance Testing is typically performed by a business user. The perspectives are different, and while some duplication of effort could happen, the defects identified may vary.
End to End Testing is usually executed after functional and System Testing. It uses actual production like data and test environment to simulate real-time settings. End-to-End testing is also called Chain Testing.
E2E testing involves techniques that simulate an actual user of an application. By replicating the actions a user would take, the test helps evaluate whether the results comply with the requirements or expected outcome. Examples include testing a user experience such as: Paying for a product or service on a website.
For me there isn't really a huge difference between the two and in some establishments the terms could be used interchangeably. Everywhere is different. I would try and explain it like so:
System testing: You're testing the whole system i.e. all of it's components to ensure that each is functioning as intended. This is more from a functional side to check against requirements.
End to end testing: This is more about the actual flow through a system in a more realistic end user scenario. Can a user navigate the application as expected and does it work. You're testing the workflow.
For example if you were to test an e-commerce site the shop front:
System test: browsing for items, cart and checkout would all work fine.
End to end test: You may then find issues with the workflow of moving between these areas of functionality.
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End-to-end testing - An end-to-end test is basically exactly what it sounds like; you are testing a piece of software from beginning to end. If it is an ecommerce platform, for example, you would test that you can get to a product page, add it to cart, then checkout and complete the order. For an application, it could be that you are able to select an item from a menu, do some work, and then submit that so that it is visible to others. It's basically just a way for a functional team to vet the new development and make sure that they haven't broken something either on the front-end or back-end during implementation.
System test - This is a bit more nebulous. This could be someone testing the back-end database of a website, or testing the front-end UI or even the middle-tier. It's basically a siloed test with a (mostly) narrow focus, designed to make sure that the individual components of a service follow the requirements that are usually laid out prior to development work being done. This can also be called 'integration testing'.
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