Currently, I'm trying to convert my tkinter Python script to an EXE file using cx_freeze. It is somehow not working when I try to add another file. You can see the method I've used in the minimum example I'm using below.
import tkinter as tk
import numpy.core._methods, numpy.lib.format
class Main(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.geometry("700x400")
self.wm_iconbitmap('test.ico')
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, PageOne):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
frame.update_page() # <-- update data on page when you click button
def get_page(self, page_class):
return self.frames[page_class]
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
label1 = tk.Label(self, text="What are the sizes?")
label1.pack()
L1 = tk.Label(self, text="Length :")
L1.pack()
self.E1 = tk.Entry(self)
self.E1.pack()
button = tk.Button(self, text="Next", command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageOne))
button.pack()
def update_page(self): # empty method but I need it
pass
class PageOne(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
label1 = tk.Label(self, text="You have insert")
label1.pack()
# create empty label at start
self.label2 = tk.Label(self, text="")
self.label2.pack()
button = tk.Button(self, text="Back", command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
button.pack()
def update_page(self):
# update label when page is changed
page1 = self.controller.get_page(StartPage)
var = page1.E1.get()
self.label2['text'] = var
app = Main()
app.mainloop()
The second script:
import cx_Freeze
import sys
import matplotlib
import os
import numpy.core._methods
import numpy.lib.format
base = None
if sys.platform=='win32':
base = "Win32GUI"
executables = [cx_Freeze.Executable("Show_file.py")]
cx_Freeze.setup(
name = "Name",
options = {
"build_exe": {
"packages": ["tkinter","matplotlib"],
"include_files": ["test.ico"]
}
},
version="0.01",
executables=executables)
It works when I do not add an icon when I try to build the EXE file. However, the EXE does not open anymore when I try to add an icon. Furthermore, when I try to add a database Excel file, I get the message that such a file does not exist. All the files are in the correct folder. That is not the problem.
Underneath the GUI is PyInstaller, a terminal based application to create Python executables for Windows, Mac and Linux. Veteran Pythonistas will be familiar with how PyInstaller works, but with auto-py-to-exe any user can easily create a single Python executable for their system.
As the title says Converting tkinter to exe
I belive pyinstaller is worth mentioning in this case.
There are some debates on which is better pyinstaller or cx_Freeze on the Internet, but I found pyinstaller
simplier and it worked for me out of the box with tkinter
. One-liner in cmd:
pyinstaller.exe --onefile --icon=myicon.ico main.py
--onefile
option produces, well, one output file instead of many.
--icon
will connect an icon of your choice.
main.py
is your main file with the main
function.
The tkinter runtimes and libraries are missing. To include those I would suggest using os.environ()
and include the runtimes using the include_files
argument as they (briefly) described here.
Using os.environ()
is easy. For example it can be done like this:
os.environ["TCL_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\tcl\\tcl8.6"
os.environ["TK_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\tcl\\tk8.6"
Next include the runtimes (DLLs) in the include files arguement:
options = {"build_exe":{"packages":["tkinter","matplotlib"],"include_files":["test.ico", "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\DLLs\\tcl86t.dll", "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\DLLs\\tk86t.dll"]}},
Now your whole setup script should look like this:
import sys # Imports are automatically detected (normally) in the script to freeze
import os
base = None
os.environ["TCL_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\tcl\\tcl8.6"
os.environ["TK_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\tcl\\tk8.6"
if sys.platform=='win32':
base = "Win32GUI"
executables = [cx_Freeze.Executable("Show_file.py")]
cx_Freeze.setup(
name = "Name",
options = {"build_exe":{"packages":["tkinter","matplotlib"],"include_files":["test.ico", "<PathToPython>\\\\Python\\Python36-32\\DLLs\\tcl86t.dll", "<PathToPython>\\\\Python\\Python36-32\\DLLs\\tk86t.dll"]}},
version="0.01",
executables=executables)
You don't need all the imports you're going to use in the setup script, cx_Freeze automatically detects them.
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