For example i have this piece of code:
def example():
a = 'goodbye'
if True:
print a
return 1
else:
print a
return 0
I would like to know if there is any possible solution to write once "print a" and execute it before each "return" statement automaticaly. So that if I add more return statements I wouldn't need to add anything, but "print a" would execute. Result would look like something:
def example():
a = "goodbye"
""" some code to implement print a """
if True:
return 1
else:
return 0
Each time there is return statement it still would print a.
I tried to google, but don't know how word query, since all results are about returning multiple values.
UPDATE: My question was answered, thanks to all of you.
Although wrapping functions are correct answer, but I have chosen answer by GingerPlusPlus who suggested to use try...finally
for simplicity.
Python functions are not restricted to having a single return statement. If a given function has more than one return statement, then the first one encountered will determine the end of the function's execution and also its return value.
A function can have more than one return statement, but only ever run one based on a condition.
To run a function only once:Change the value of the global variable to True in the function. Only run the code in the function if the global variable is set to False .
The python return statement is used to return the output from a function. We learned that we can also return a function from another function. Also, expressions are evaluated and then the result is returned from the function.
try .. finally
:
def example():
try:
if True:
return 1
else:
return 0
finally:
print 'goodbye'
>>> example()
goodbye
1
A finally clause is always executed before leaving the
try
statement, whether an exception has occurred or not. Docs
You can use a context. Initialize it with the value you want to print. Then print when context exit, i.e. upon return.
class PrinterOnContextExit():
def __init__( self, a ): self.a = a
def __enter__( self ): pass
def __exit__( self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback ): print( self.a )
def example():
a = 'goodbye'
with PrinterOnContextExit( a ):
if True:
return 1
else:
return 0
Note that you cannot print the returned value this way. If you ever wanted to print the returned value, then you should use a decorator.
class PrintOnReturn():
def __init__( self, a ): self.a = a
def __call__( self, func ): return lambda *args, **kwargs: self.callFunc( func, *args, **kwargs )
def callFunc( self, func, *args, **kwargs ): r = func( *args, **kwargs ); print( self.a, r ); return r
@PrintOnReturn( "hello" )
def example():
if True:
return 1
else:
return 0
This will print whatever string you passed to the decorator, followed by the value returned from the decorated function. Here hello 1
.
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