WebApplicationContext doesn't autowire

Question

I write this test class :

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" })
public class CandidateControllerTest {

        @Mock(name = "candidateService")
        private CandidateService candidateService;

        @InjectMocks
        private CandidateMenuController candidateMenuController = new CandidateMenuController();


        @Autowired
        WebApplicationContext wac;

        MockMvc mockMvc;


        @Before
        public void before() {



            mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(wac).build();
         }
    }

But:

After code execution I see next trace:

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: WebApplicationContext is required
    at org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull(Assert.java:112)
    at org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder.<init>(InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder.java:39)
    at org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(MockMvcBuilders.java:73)
    at controllers.CandidateControllerTest.before(CandidateControllerTest.java:52)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:76)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)

What Would I do for fixing my problem?

UPDATE

I change code:

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" })
@WebAppConfiguration
public class CandidateControllerTest {

    @Mock(name = "candidateService")
    private CandidateService candidateService;

    @InjectMocks
    private CandidateMenuController candidateMenuController = new CandidateMenuController();

    @Autowired
    WebApplicationContext wac;

    MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void before() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

        // this.mockMvc =
        // MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).dispatchOptions(true).build();

         mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(wac).build();

    }
...
}

trace:

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: WebApplicationContext is required
    at org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull(Assert.java:112)
    at org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder.<init>(InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder.java:39)
    at org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(MockMvcBuilders.java:73)
    at controllers.CandidateControllerTest.before(CandidateControllerTest.java:61)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:76)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)

Answer 1

WebApplicationContext is required and NullPointerException are the most confusing errors I faced as beginner to TestNG and Spring Test Framework. These are happened due to simple mistakes like forget to `extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests1 etc. To avoid those errors I'll give you the code template I use.

@Test
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = WebConfig.class) //You can use your xml too
public class YourControllerTest extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {
    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;


    @Test
    public void getEmailVerificationTest() throws Exception {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();

        this.mockMvc.perform(get("/home")
                .accept(MediaType.ALL))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(view().name("home/index"));
    }
}

This is sample code to test home page. If you are Beginner, an error occur such as I mentioned above, first check whether extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests and this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build(); are in the proper places.

Another thing is you can use @BeforeMethod annotation to stop repeating this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build(); in each module. You should have add @BeforeMethod like Below.

    @BeforeMethod
    public void setWac(){
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

Answer 2

I had the same issue using TestNG & Mockito.

Turns out wac isn't autowired and available in @BeforeTest methods but is in @Test methods.

I moved this

mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(wac).build();

to an @Test method and presto, it works!

Here's the link I found with the solution: http://forum.spring.io/forum/spring-projects/web/737624-problem-with-autowiring-webapplicationcontext-with-annotationconfigcontextloader

Answer 3

There is no WebApplicationContext only an ApplicationContext unless you add the @WebAppConfiguration to your test class.

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" })
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class CandidateControllerTest { ... }

Instead of the @RunWith annotation you can also extend one of springs convenience classes.

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" })
@WebAppConfiguration
public class CandidateControllerTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests { ... }

Links

1. WebAppConfiguration javadoc
2. Reference Guide