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Is the enum type signed or unsigned? Does the signedness of enums differ between: C/C99/ANSI C/C++/C++x/GNU C/ GNU C99?
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Re: In C, enum types may be unsigned, but enum constants may not.
Enumeration or Enum in C is a special kind of data type defined by the user. It consists of constant integrals or integers that are given names by a user. The use of enum in C to name the integer values makes the entire program easy to learn, understand, and maintain by the same or even different programmer.
In C++ programming, enum or enumeration is a data type consisting of named values like elements, members, etc., that represent integral constants. It provides a way to define and group integral constants. It also makes the code easy to maintain and less complex.
C enums. In this tutorial, you will learn about enum (enumeration) in C programming with the help of examples. In C programming, an enumeration type (also called enum) is a data type that consists of integral constants. To define enums, the enum keyword is used.
An enum is guaranteed to be represented by an integer, but the actual type (and its signedness) is implementation-dependent.
You can force an enumeration to be represented by a signed type by giving one of the enumerators a negative value:
enum SignedEnum { a = -1 }; In C++0x, the underlying type of an enumeration can be explicitly specified:
enum ShortEnum : short { a }; (C++0x also adds support for scoped enumerations)
For completeness, I'll add that in The C Programming Language, 2nd ed., enumerators are specified as having type int (p. 215). K&R is not the C standard, so that's not normative for ISO C compilers, but it does predate the ISO C standard, so it's at least interesting from a historical standpoint.
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