Set up Python on Windows to not type "python" in cmd

Question

How do I have to configure so that I don't have to type python script.py but simply script.py in CMD on Windows?

I added my python directory to %PATH% that contains python.exe but still scripts are not run correctly.

I tried it with django-admin.py Running django-admin.py startproject mysite gives me Type 'django-admin.py help <subcommand>' for help on a specific subcommand. Using python in front of it processes the command correctly.

What's the problem here?

Answer 1

C:\> assoc .py=Python C:\> ftype Python="C:\python27\python.exe %1 %*" 

Or whatever the relevant path is - you can also set command line args using ftype.

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In order to make a command recognized without having to give the suffix (.py), similar to how it works for .exe files, add .py to the semi-colon separated list of the (global) PATHEXT variable.

ETA 2017-07-27

Seems like this is still getting eyeballs, wanted to elevate a useful comment for Win10 users (from @shadowrunner):

For me to get it work under Win10 the actual command was (note the placement of the quotes):

C:\> ftype Python="c:\Anaconda2\python.exe" "%1" %* 

ETA 2019-02-01

Talk about evergreen!

First of all, if you're newly installing Python, I highly recommend reviewing the answer by @NunoAndré .

Secondly, to clarify something from a recent comment, please note: you must do both parts (assoc and ftype), or use a pre-existing association label in the ftype command.

By default, at least for Python 3.7 under Windows 8.1, the association for .py is Python.File, so performing the ftype command I wrote above will not work correctly unless the association is first changed. Or you can just use ftype and give the default association instead. Up to you.

Answer 2

From Python 3.3 a launcher for Windows is included: py (and pyw for GUI or non-UI applications)

which aids in locating and executing of different Python versions. It allows scripts (or the command-line) to indicate a preference for a specific Python version, and will locate and execute that version.

Unlike the PATH variable, the launcher will correctly select the most appropriate version of Python. It will prefer per-user installations over system-wide ones, and orders by language version rather than using the most recently installed version.

Python installer links Python's file extensions to open verb by default, so you can run a python file simply by typing its name (and args if needed).

• py: .py, .pyc and .pyo (byte-compiled), and .pyz (zip-compressed).
• pyw: .pyw and .pyzw (zip-compressed).

Caveat: be aware of the differences between python.exe and pythonw.exe

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Among other advantages, Windows launcher reads 'nix shebangs, so you can specify Python version or python.exe's command line arguments

You can check this running this script (supposing py3 as default):

#! /usr/bin/python2.7 -i import sys print(sys.version) 

• myscript.py: runs with py, launches python2.7 and enters in interactive mode after finished (-i, great option for testing and debugging).
• myscript.py -3: runs with py, launches python3 and keeps interactive mode.
• python myscript.py: runs with default python runtime, no interactive mode.

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You can change this default association with ftype, but I would strongly recommend:

• Nirsoft's File Types Manager utility.
• Taking a look at msdn docs about file extensions and associations: Implementing a Custom File Format.

You can easily associate other verbs (like edit, test, debug...) to these files.

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In addition, you can omit Python's extensions to run a file in a terminal by adding them to PATHEXT environment variable ordered by preference. (You must re-open the terminal for the change to take effect).

setx PATHEXT %PATHEXT%;.PYC;.PYZ;.PY