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Redefine tab as 4 spaces

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vim

My current setting assumes 8 spaces; how could I redefine it?

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Ricky Avatar asked Dec 10 '09 06:12

Ricky


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How do I set tab to 4 spaces?

java, then entering a { and hitting Enter indents the following line. As for tabs, there are two settings. Within Vim, type a colon and then "set tabstop=4" which will set the tabs to display as four spaces. Hit colon again and type "set expandtab" which will insert spaces for tabs.

Is tab always 4 spaces?

Answer. In most code editors, tabs are not the same as 2 spaces or 4 spaces by default. A tab is stored differently than spaces in the code. Tabs can be seen as a big “jump” in the text, while spaces are always 1 space each.


1 Answers

It depends on what you mean. Do you want actual tab characters in your file to appear 4 spaces wide, or by "tab" do you actually mean an indent, generated by pressing the tab key, which would result in the file literally containing (up to) 4 space characters for each "tab" you type?

Depending on your answer, one of the following sets of settings should work for you:

  • For tab characters that appear 4-spaces-wide:

    set tabstop=4 

    If you're using actual tab character in your source code you probably also want these settings (these are actually the defaults, but you may want to set them defensively):

    set softtabstop=0 noexpandtab 

    Finally, if you want an indent to correspond to a single tab, you should also use:

    set shiftwidth=4 
  • For indents that consist of 4 space characters but are entered with the tab key:

    set tabstop=8 softtabstop=0 expandtab shiftwidth=4 smarttab 

To make the above settings permanent add these lines to your vimrc.

In case you need to make adjustments, or would simply like to understand what these options all mean, here's a breakdown of what each option means:

tabstop

The width of a hard tabstop measured in "spaces" -- effectively the (maximum) width of an actual tab character.

shiftwidth

The size of an "indent". It's also measured in spaces, so if your code base indents with tab characters then you want shiftwidth to equal the number of tab characters times tabstop. This is also used by things like the =, > and < commands.

softtabstop

Setting this to a non-zero value other than tabstop will make the tab key (in insert mode) insert a combination of spaces (and possibly tabs) to simulate tab stops at this width.

expandtab

Enabling this will make the tab key (in insert mode) insert spaces instead of tab characters. This also affects the behavior of the retab command.

smarttab

Enabling this will make the tab key (in insert mode) insert spaces or tabs to go to the next indent of the next tabstop when the cursor is at the beginning of a line (i.e. the only preceding characters are whitespace).

For more details on any of these see :help 'optionname' in vim (e.g. :help 'tabstop')

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Laurence Gonsalves Avatar answered Oct 17 '22 06:10

Laurence Gonsalves