For some reason in python everytime I try to define tuples in a function I get a syntax error. For example I have a function that adds vectors to the program, it looks like this:
def add_vectors((angle_1, l_1),(angle_2, l_2)):
x=math.sin(angle1)*l_1+math.sin(angle2)*l_2
y=math.cos(angle1)*l_1+math.cos(angle2)*l_2
angle=0.5*math.pi-math.atan2(y, x)
length=math.hypot(x, y)
return (angle, length)
Which seems alright, but the interpretor says there is a syntax error and highlights the first bracket of the first tuple. I am using Python 3.2.3. What am I doing wrong?
31.2 Python Collection Types Tuples A Tuple represents a collection of objects that are ordered and immutable (cannot be modified). Tuples allow duplicate members and are indexed. Lists Lists hold a collection of objects that are ordered and mutable (changeable), they are indexed and allow duplicate members.
Copy a tuple. You cannot copy a list with the = sign because lists are mutables. The = sign creates a reference not a copy. Tuples are immutable therefore a = sign does not create a reference but a copy as expected.
Using the '*' operator.The repetition operator duplicates a tuple and links all of them together. Even though tuples are immutable, this can be extended to them.
You can combine tuples to form a new tuple. The addition operation simply performs a concatenation with tuples. You can only add or combine same data types. Thus combining a tuple and a list gives you an error.
Tuple parameters are no longer supported in Python3: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3113/
You may unpack your tuple at the beginning of your function:
def add_vectors(v1, v2):
angle_1, l_1 = v1
angle_2, l_2 = v2
x=math.sin(angle1)*l_1+math.sin(angle2)*l_2
y=math.cos(angle1)*l_1+math.cos(angle2)*l_2
angle=0.5*math.pi-math.atan2(y, x)
length=math.hypot(x, y)
return (angle, length)
There is no syntax for such tuple unpacking. Instead, take two tuples as arguments on their own and then unpack them into separate arguments.
def add_vectors(tup1, tup2):
angle_1, l_1 = tup1
angle_2, l_2 = tup2
...
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