Proper way to include C++ system headers when using g++-arm-linux-gnueabi?

Question

I'm trying to compile a library on Ubuntu 14.04 with packages gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi and g++-arm-linux-gnueabi installed.

The compile fails on the first source file it encounters:

/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-g++ -DNDEBUG -g2 -Os -pipe -fPIC -I. -DCRYPTOPP_DISABLE_ASM 
-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --sysroot=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi -c 3way.cpp
In file included from cryptlib.h:83:0,
                 from seckey.h:8,
                 from 3way.h:7,
                 from 3way.cpp:5:
stdcpp.h:14:18: fatal error: memory: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.

When I perform a find I see that the C++ headers are located at:

$ find /usr -name memory
/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/tr1/memory
/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/memory
/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/ext/memory
...

/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi is already provided as SYSROOT:

$ ls /usr/arm-linux-gnueabi
bin  include  lib

Adding an isysroot does not help:

/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-g++ -DNDEBUG -g2 -Os -pipe -fPIC -DCRYPTOPP_DISABLE_ASM
-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -isysroot=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3
--sysroot=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi -c 3way.cpp
In file included from cryptlib.h:83:0,
                 from seckey.h:8,
                 from 3way.h:7,
                 from 3way.cpp:5:
stdcpp.h:14:18: fatal error: memory: No such file or directory

I've cross compiled the library on other platforms (like Android, iOS and Windows Phone), so I have a good idea of what needs to be done. This is my first time with arm-linux-gnueabi, however.

What is the proper way to include C++ headers and libraries when using the g++-arm-linux-gnueabi package?

Related: shouldn't a spec file already handle this?

---

EDIT: here's some related information with -v. These built-in paths look unhealthy. It looks like the toolchain is trying to form the path to the C++ headers, but its not doing a good job:

/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-g++ -v -DNDEBUG -g2 -Os -pipe -fPIC -DCRYPTOPP_DISABLE_ASM 
-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --sysroot=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi -c 3way.cpp

...
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/arm-linux-gnueabi/sf"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/backward"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/local/include/arm-linux-gnueabi"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabi"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.7/include
 /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.7/include-fixed
 /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.7/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/include
End of search list.
GNU C++ (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.7.3-12ubuntu1) version 4.7.3 (arm-linux-gnueabi)
...

---

Edit: this looks like a bug in the internal paths used by the toolchain. In the built-in paths, notice there's an extra /usr/arm-linux-gnueabi in the path. The answer below provides a workaround.

Bug report filed with Ubuntu: g++-arm-linux-gnueabi cannot compile a C++ program with --sysroot.

Answer 1

GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/arm-linux-gnueabi/sf"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/backward"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/local/include/arm-linux-gnueabi"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabi"
ignoring nonexistent directory "=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/usr/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.7/include
 /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.7/include-fixed
 /usr/lib/gcc-cross/arm-linux-gnueabi/4.7/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabi/include
End of search list.
GNU C++ (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.7.3-12ubuntu1) version 4.7.3 (arm-linux-gnueabi)
...

---

This looks like a bug in the internal paths used by the toolchain. In the built-in paths, notice there's an extra /usr/arm-linux-gnueabi in the path. Bug report filed with Ubuntu: g++-arm-linux-gnueabi cannot compile a C++ program with --sysroot.

To work around the bug, the paths to the C++ headers should be added explicitly with -I:

• /usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3
• /usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/arm-linux-gnueabi

There's no need to specify the C and C++ libraries when linking with --sysroot because the option handles them properly.

So a compile/link command would look similar to:

/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-g++ ... -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb \
  -I/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3 \
  -I/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.7.3/arm-linux-gnueabi \
  --sysroot=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi test.cpp -o test.exe