Passing a variable to an OpenGL GLSL shader

Question

I'm writing an iPhone app which uses GLSL shaders to perform transformations on textures, but one point that I'm having a little hard time with is passing variables to my GLSL shader.

I've read that it's possible to have a shader read part of the OpenGL state (and I would only need read-only access to this variable), but I'm not sure how that exchange would happen.

In short, I'm trying to get a float value created outside of a fragment shader to be accessible to the fragment shader (whether it's passed in or read from inside the shader).

Thanks for any help/pointers you can provide, it's very appreciated!

Answer 1

One option is to pass information via uniform variables.

After

glUseProgram(myShaderProgram); 

you can use

GLint myUniformLocation = glGetUniformLocation(myShaderProgram, "myUniform"); 

and for example

glUniform1f(myUniformLocation, /* some floating point value here */); 

In your vertex or fragment shader, you need to add the following declaration:

uniform float myUniform; 

That's it, in your shader you can now access (read-only) the value you passed earlier on via glUniform1f.

Of course uniform variables can be any valid GLSL type including complex types such as arrays, structures or matrices. OpenGL provides a glUniform function with the usual suffixes, appropriate for each type. For example, to assign to a variable of type vec3, one would use glUniform3f or glUniform3fv.

Note: the value can't be modified during execution of the shader, i.e. in a glBegin/glEnd block. It is read-only and the same for every fragment/vertex processed.

There are also several tutorials using uniforms, you can find them by googling "glsl uniform variable".

I hope that helps.