I have a custom module that is working just fine but I would like to be able to store variables in the config so I can use them in my code. (For example a default error message)
I think I can access them by using Mage::getStoreConfig('/some/path/here'); but I don't know how to add them to the modules config.xml (myname/mymodule/etc/config.xml) so that I can use them in my code?
Anyone have a clue? Thanks!
Reading these two articles should give you the information you need to add your own custom configuration variable, which will automatically give you a UI to enter values in the Admin.
If you want to set a default value for your new configuration variables, there's a top level config.xml node named default which will let you do that.  Consider the following
<config>
    <!-- ... -->
    <default>
        <web>
            <default>
                <cms_home_page>home</cms_home_page>
                <cms_no_route>no-route</cms_no_route>
                <cms_no_cookies>enable-cookies</cms_no_cookies>
                <front>cms</front>
                <no_route>cms/index/noRoute</no_route>
                <show_cms_breadcrumbs>1</show_cms_breadcrumbs>
            </default>
        </web>
        <cms>
            <wysiwyg>
                <enabled>enabled</enabled>
            </wysiwyg>
        </cms>
    </default>
    <!-- ... -->
</config>
This structure in config.xml sets default values for the following config variables
web/default/cms_home_page
web/default/cms_no_route
web/default/cms_no_cookies
web/default/front
web/default/no_route
web/default/show_cms_breadcrumbs
cms/wysiwyg/enabled
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