Implementing back/forward buttons in Swing

Question

I have a quick question.

I'm getting a little bit of experience with Swing and the easiest way to do this was to draw up a reasonably big GUI.

As part of the GUI, I want to have Forward and Back Buttons. The Approach I'm trying to take is to implement methods that will push the current JPanel to a stack and retrieve the previous value (Be that in a forwards or reverse direction (hence 2 stacks)). I can't get it to work though. Perhaps I'm going about it completely the wrong way or maybe a stack can't be used int the way I'm using it. In either case, it's really bugging me. I imagine there are probably easier ways like a card layout but I think this approach should work and that's what's so annoying.

It may be worth noting that I'm using a JFrame "base class" and changing the central JPanel depending on the screen. The nav bar is constant as a part of the "base class" however

The code of this "base class":

public class Main_Frame extends JFrame{
    static JPanel nav_bar_panel;
    JButton home;
    JButton back;
    JButton forward;
    JPanel currentPanel;

    static Stack<JPanel> previousPanels;
    static Stack<JPanel> forwardPanels;

    public Main_Frame(){
        super("DEMO");
        setSize(800,600);
        setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        setVisible(true);

        add(nav_bar(), BorderLayout.NORTH);
        currentPanel = init_display();
        add(currentPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        previousPanels = new Stack<JPanel>();
        forwardPanels  = new Stack<JPanel>();
    }

    private JPanel nav_bar(){
        ButtonPressHandler handler = new ButtonPressHandler();

        nav_bar_panel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 10, 10));
        back = new JButton("Back");
        back.addActionListener(handler);
        home = new JButton("Home");
        home.addActionListener(handler);
        forward = new JButton("Forward");
        forward.addActionListener(handler);

        nav_bar_panel.add(back);
        nav_bar_panel.add(home);
        nav_bar_panel.add(forward);

        return nav_bar_panel;
    }

    private JPanel init_display(){
        Home_Panel home_panel = new Home_Panel();

        return home_panel;
    }

    public void change_display(JPanel myPanel){
        invalidate();
        remove(currentPanel);
        previousPanels.push(currentPanel);
        currentPanel = myPanel;
        add(currentPanel);
        validate();
    }

    public void previous_display(){
        if(!previousPanels.empty()){
            invalidate();
            remove(currentPanel);
            forwardPanels.push(currentPanel);
            currentPanel = previousPanels.pop();
            add(currentPanel);
            validate();
        }
    }

    public void forward_display(){
        if(!forwardPanels.empty()){
            invalidate();
            remove(currentPanel);
            previousPanels.push(currentPanel);
            currentPanel = forwardPanels.pop();
            add(currentPanel);
            validate();
        }
    }

    private class ButtonPressHandler implements ActionListener 
       {
          public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event )
          {
              if(event.getSource() == back){
                  previous_display();
                  System.out.print("You selected back");
              } else if(event.getSource() == forward){
                  forward_display();
                  System.out.print("You selected forward");
              }
          } // end method actionPerformed
       } // end private inner class TextFieldHandler

}

Answer 1

Here's an example using CardLayout.

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.CardLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

/** @see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5654926 */
public class CardPanel extends JPanel {

    private static final Random random = new Random();
    private static final JPanel cards = new JPanel(new CardLayout());
    private final String name;

    public CardPanel(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        this.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(320, 240));
        this.setBackground(new Color(random.nextInt()));
        this.add(new JLabel(name));
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return name;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                create();
            }
        });
    }

    private static void create() {
        JFrame f = new JFrame();
        f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        for (int i = 1; i < 9; i++) {
            CardPanel p = new CardPanel("Panel " + String.valueOf(i));
            cards.add(p, p.toString());
        }
        JPanel control = new JPanel();
        control.add(new JButton(new AbstractAction("\u22b2Prev") {

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                CardLayout cl = (CardLayout) cards.getLayout();
                cl.previous(cards);
            }
        }));
        control.add(new JButton(new AbstractAction("Next\u22b3") {

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                CardLayout cl = (CardLayout) cards.getLayout();
                cl.next(cards);
            }
        }));
        f.add(cards, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        f.add(control, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        f.pack();
        f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        f.setVisible(true);
    }
}