How do I get the result of a command in a variable in windows?

Question

The humble for command has accumulated some interesting capabilities over the years:

D:\> FOR /F "delims=" %i IN ('date /t') DO set today=%i
D:\> echo %today%
Sat 20/09/2008

Note that "delims=" overwrites the default space and tab delimiters so that the output of the date command gets gobbled all at once.

To capture multi-line output, it can still essentially be a one-liner (using the variable lf as the delimiter in the resulting variable):

REM NB:in a batch file, need to use %%i not %i
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
SET lf=-
FOR /F "delims=" %%i IN ('dir \ /b') DO if ("!out!"=="") (set out=%%i) else (set out=!out!%lf%%%i)
ECHO %out%

To capture a piped expression, use ^|:

FOR /F "delims=" %%i IN ('svn info . ^| findstr "Root:"') DO set "URL=%%i"

If you have to capture all the command output you can use a batch like this:

@ECHO OFF
IF NOT "%1"=="" GOTO ADDV
SET VAR=
FOR /F %%I IN ('DIR *.TXT /B /O:D') DO CALL %0 %%I
SET VAR
GOTO END

:ADDV
SET VAR=%VAR%!%1

:END

All output lines are stored in VAR separated with "!".

But if only a single-line console-output is expected, try:

@ECHO off
@SET MY_VAR=
FOR /F %%I IN ('npm prefix') DO @SET "MY_VAR=%%I"

@REM Do something with MY_VAR variable...

@John: is there any practical use for this? I think you should watch PowerShell or any other programming language capable to perform scripting tasks easily (Python, Perl, PHP, Ruby)

To get the current directory, you can use this:

CD > tmpFile
SET /p myvar= < tmpFile
DEL tmpFile
echo test: %myvar%

It's using a temp-file though, so it's not the most pretty, but it certainly works! 'CD' puts the current directory in 'tmpFile', 'SET' loads the content of tmpFile.

Here is a solution for multiple lines with "array's":

@echo off

rem ---------
rem Obtain line numbers from the file
rem ---------

rem This is the file that is being read: You can replace this with %1 for dynamic behaviour or replace it with some command like the first example i gave with the 'CD' command.
set _readfile=test.txt

for /f "usebackq tokens=2 delims=:" %%a in (`find /c /v "" %_readfile%`) do set _max=%%a
set /a _max+=1
set _i=0
set _filename=temp.dat

rem ---------
rem Make the list
rem ---------

:makeList
find /n /v "" %_readfile% >%_filename%

rem ---------
rem Read the list
rem ---------

:readList
if %_i%==%_max% goto printList

rem ---------
rem Read the lines into the array
rem ---------
for /f "usebackq delims=] tokens=2" %%a in (`findstr /r "\[%_i%]" %_filename%`) do set _data%_i%=%%a
set /a _i+=1
goto readList

:printList
del %_filename%
set _i=1
:printMore
if %_i%==%_max% goto finished
set _data%_i%
set /a _i+=1
goto printMore

:finished

But you might want to consider moving to another more powerful shell or create an application for this stuff. It's stretching the possibilities of the batch files quite a bit.

you need to use the SET command with parameter /P and direct your output to it. For example see http://www.ss64.com/nt/set.html. Will work for CMD, not sure about .BAT files

From a comment to this post:

That link has the command "Set /P _MyVar=<MyFilename.txt" which says it will set _MyVar to the first line from MyFilename.txt. This could be used as "myCmd > tmp.txt" with "set /P myVar=<tmp.txt". But it will only get the first line of the output, not all the output