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You can run the shell commands from inside of Vim by just using :! before the command, : means you have to be in command mode. Just after being in command mode, the ! or bang operator will execute the command typed after it from the terminal(Linux/ macOS) or your default shell(Windows -> CMD/Powershell).
Use ctrl-w N to switch to "terminal-normal mode", which will let you navigate around. It could be useful to then copy content to the clipboard. Then return to regular terminal mode, simply type i just like how you'd enter insert mode from a regular window. ctrl-w : will open command mode like in regular Vim.
You can run commands in Vim by entering the command mode with : . Then you can execute external shell commands by pre-pending an exclamation mark ( ! ). For example, type :! ls , and Vim will run the shell's ls command from within Vim.
Neovim and Vim 8.2 support this natively via the :ter[minal] command.
See terminal-window in the docs for details.
Well it depends on your OS - actually I did not test it on MS Windows - but Conque is one of the best plugins out there.
Actually, it can be better, but works.
:vsp or :sp - splits vim into two instance but you cannot use :shell in only one of them.
Why not display another tab of the terminal not another tab of vim. If you like the idea you can try it: Ctrl-shift-t. and move between them with Ctrl - pageup and Ctrl - pagedown
If you want just a few shell commands you can make any shell command in vim using !
For example :!./a.out.
You can use tmux or screen (second is able to do only horizontal splits without a patch) to split your terminal. But I do not know the way to have one instance of Vim in both panes.
If you haven't found out yet, you can use the amazing screen plugin.
Conque is also exceptional but I find screen much more practical (it wont "litter" your buffer for example and you can just send the commands that you really want after editing them in your buffer)
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