Example Needed: Change the default print method of an object

Question

I need a bit of help with jargon, and a short piece of example code. Different types of objects have a specific way of outputting themselves when you type the name of the object and hit enter, an lm object shows a summary of the model, a vector lists the contents of the vector.

I'd like to be able to write my own way for "showing" the contents of a specific type of object. Ideally, I'd like to be able to seperate this from existing types of objects.

How would I go about doing this?

Answer 1

Here's an example to get you started. Once you get the basic idea of how S3 methods are dispatched, have a look at any of the print methods returned by methods("print") to see how you can achieve more interesting print styles.

## Define a print method that will be automatically dispatched when print() ## is called on an object of class "myMatrix" print.myMatrix <- function(x) {     n <- nrow(x)     for(i in seq_len(n)) {         cat(paste("This is row", i, "\t: " ))         cat(x[i,], "\n")         } }  ## Make a couple of example matrices m <- mm <- matrix(1:16, ncol=4)  ## Create an object of class "myMatrix".  class(m) <- c("myMatrix", class(m)) ## When typed at the command-line, the 'print' part of the read-eval-print loop ## will look at the object's class, and say "hey, I've got a method for you!" m # This is row 1   : 1 5 9 13  # This is row 2   : 2 6 10 14  # This is row 3   : 3 7 11 15  # This is row 4   : 4 8 12 16   ## Alternatively, you can specify the print method yourself. print.myMatrix(mm) # This is row 1   : 1 5 9 13  # This is row 2   : 2 6 10 14  # This is row 3   : 3 7 11 15  # This is row 4   : 4 8 12 16