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What is the difference between ViewResult() and ActionResult() in ASP.NET MVC?
public ViewResult Index() { return View(); } public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } 
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When you set Action's return type ActionResult , you can return any subtype of it e.g Json,PartialView,View,RedirectToAction.
Use JsonResult when you want to return raw JSON data to be consumed by a client (javascript on a web page or a mobile client). Use ActionResult if you want to return a view, redirect etc to be handled by a browser.
ViewResult represents a class that is used to render a view by using an IView instance that is returned by an IViewEngine object. View() creates an object that renders a view to the response.
The ActionResult method works as a return type of any controller method in the MVC. It acts as the base class of Result classes. It is used to return the models to the Views, file streams, and also redirect to the controllers. It is the responsibility of the Controller that connects the component.
ActionResult is an abstract class that can have several subtypes.
ViewResult - Renders a specifed view to the response stream
PartialViewResult - Renders a specifed partial view to the response stream
EmptyResult - An empty response is returned
RedirectResult - Performs an HTTP redirection to a specifed URL
RedirectToRouteResult - Performs an HTTP redirection to a URL that is determined by the routing engine, based on given route data
JsonResult - Serializes a given ViewData object to JSON format
JavaScriptResult - Returns a piece of JavaScript code that can be executed on the client
ContentResult - Writes content to the response stream without requiring a view
FileContentResult - Returns a file to the client
FileStreamResult - Returns a file to the client, which is provided by a Stream
FilePathResult - Returns a file to the client
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