Difference between two lists using Bash

Question

Ok, I have two related lists on my linux box in text files:

 /tmp/oldList  /tmp/newList 

I need to compare these lists to see what lines got added and what lines got removed. I then need to loop over these lines and perform actions on them based on whether they were added or removed.

How do I do this in bash?

Answer 1

Use the comm(1) command to compare the two files. They both need to be sorted, which you can do beforehand if they are large, or you can do it inline with bash process substitution.

comm can take a combination of the flags -1, -2 and -3 indicating which file to suppress lines from (unique to file 1, unique to file 2 or common to both).

To get the lines only in the old file:

comm -23 <(sort /tmp/oldList) <(sort /tmp/newList) 

To get the lines only in the new file:

comm -13 <(sort /tmp/oldList) <(sort /tmp/newList) 

You can feed that into a while read loop to process each line:

while read old ; do     ...do stuff with $old done < <(comm -23 <(sort /tmp/oldList) <(sort /tmp/newList)) 

and similarly for the new lines.

Answer 2

The diff command will do the comparing for you.

e.g.,

$ diff /tmp/oldList /tmp/newList 

See the above man page link for more information. This should take care of your first part of your problem.