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I wonder if some functional languages are used for web development and which are most useful and supported with that goal?
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Overall, Common Lisp is much more uniform than Scheme, and more radical language experiments, if done at all, are usually embedded as a portable library rather than defining a whole new language dialect. Because of this, language extensions tend to be more conservative, but also more combinable (and often optional).
Scheme is a dialect of Lisp, the second-oldest programming language that is still widely used today (after Fortran).
Scheme is a dialect of Lisp that stresses conceptual elegance and simplicity. It is specified in R4RS and IEEE standard P1178. (See the Scheme FAQ for details on standards for Scheme.) Scheme is much smaller than Common Lisp; the specification is about 50 pages, compared to Common Lisp's 1300 page draft standard.
In what way are Scheme and Common LISP opposites of each other? Common LISP allows for static scoping and dynamic scoping Scheme only uses static scoping. Scheme is relatively small while common LISP is large and complex .
PLT Racket has a web server- it's an up-to-date, actively developed Scheme offshoot, and may be something that you want to look into. Here's some documentation:
http://docs.racket-lang.org/web-server-internal/index.html
There are a few StackOverflow threads that can provide some more answers to this:
state of web development using functional programming language
What are the popular 'web-ready' functional programming languages?
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It's safe to say there's a fair bit of server side stuff going on for Common Lisp!
Update: In my newsfeed this evening, compliments of Xach: A Common Lisp Web Development Primer, Part 1
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