Collapse sequences of white space into a single character and trim string

Question

OS X 10.7+ and iOS 3.2+

Use the native regexp solution provided by hfossli.

Otherwise

Either use your favorite regexp library or use the following Cocoa-native solution:

NSString *theString = @"    Hello      this  is a   long       string!   ";

NSCharacterSet *whitespaces = [NSCharacterSet whitespaceCharacterSet];
NSPredicate *noEmptyStrings = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF != ''"];

NSArray *parts = [theString componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:whitespaces];
NSArray *filteredArray = [parts filteredArrayUsingPredicate:noEmptyStrings];
theString = [filteredArray componentsJoinedByString:@" "];

Regex and NSCharacterSet is here to help you. This solution trims leading and trailing whitespace as well as multiple whitespaces.

NSString *original = @"    Hello      this  is a   long       string!   ";

NSString *squashed = [original stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"[ ]+"
                                                         withString:@" "
                                                            options:NSRegularExpressionSearch
                                                              range:NSMakeRange(0, original.length)];

NSString *final = [squashed stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]];

Logging final gives

"Hello this is a long string!"

Possible alternative regex patterns:

• Replace only space: [ ]+
• Replace space and tabs: [ \\t]+
• Replace space, tabs and newlines: \\s+

Performance rundown

• This solution: 7.6 seconds
• Splitting, filtering, joining (Georg Schölly): 13.7 seconds

Ease of extension, performance, number lines of code and the number of objects created makes this solution appropriate.

Actually, there's a very simple solution to that:

NSString *string = @" spaces in front and at the end ";
NSString *trimmedString = [string stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:
                                  [NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]];
NSLog(@"%@", trimmedString)

(Source)

With a regex, but without the need for any external framework:

NSString *theString = @"    Hello      this  is a   long       string!   ";

theString = [theString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" +" withString:@" "
                       options:NSRegularExpressionSearch
                       range:NSMakeRange(0, theString.length)];

A one line solution:

NSString *whitespaceString = @" String with whitespaces ";

NSString *trimmedString = [whitespaceString
        stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];

This should do it...

NSString *s = @"this is    a  string    with lots  of     white space";
NSArray *comps = [s componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceCharacterSet]];

NSMutableArray *words = [NSMutableArray array];
for(NSString *comp in comps) {
  if([comp length] > 1)) {
    [words addObject:comp];
  }
}

NSString *result = [words componentsJoinedByString:@" "];