Four is the only number that has the same number of letters in it as the value of that number. The way it works is you take any number, count the number of letters in that number to find the next number that you will use to continue the pattern with until you get back to four.
Summary: According to psychological lore, when it comes to items of information the mind can cope with before confusion sets in, the "magic" number is seven. But a new analysis challenges this long-held view, suggesting the number might actually be four.
Loosely based on Platinum Azure's solution:
chop
($_.=
<>);@
u="433
5443554
366 887
798 866
555 766
"=~ /\d
/gx ;#4
sub r{4
-$_ ?$_
<20 ?$u
[$_ ]:(
$'? $u[
$'] :0)
+$u[18+$&]:magic}print"
$_ is ",$_=r(),'.'while
/\d
/x;
444
90 → 94
: Fixed output for multiples of 10.94 → 86
: Restructured code. Using base 100 to remove non-printable characters.86 → 85
: Shorter cast to string.
{n+~."+#,#6$DWOXB79Bd")base`1/10/~{~2${~1$+}%(;+~}%++=" is "\".
"1$4$4-}do;;;"magic."
Common Lisp 157 Chars
New more conforming version, now reading form standard input and ignoring spaces and hyphens:
(labels((g (x)(if(= x 4)(princ"4 is magic.")(let((n(length(remove-if(lambda(x)(find x" -"))(format nil"~r"x)))))(format t"~a is ~a.~%"x n)(g n)))))(g(read)))
In human-readable form:
(labels ((g (x)
(if (= x 4)
(princ "4 is magic.")
(let ((n (length (remove-if (lambda(x) (find x " -"))
(format nil "~r" x)))))
(format t"~a is ~a.~%" x n)
(g n)))))
(g (read)))
And some test runs:
>24
24 is 10.
10 is 3.
3 is 5.
5 is 4.
4 is magic.
>23152436
23152436 is 64.
64 is 9.
9 is 4.
4 is magic.
And the bonus version, at 165 chars:
(labels((g(x)(if(= x 4)(princ"four is magic.")(let*((f(format nil"~r"x))(n(length(remove-if(lambda(x)(find x" -"))f))))(format t"~a is ~r.~%"f n)(g n)))))(g(read)))
Giving
>24
twenty-four is ten.
ten is three.
three is five.
five is four.
four is magic.
>234235
two hundred thirty-four thousand two hundred thirty-five is forty-eight.
forty-eight is ten.
ten is three.
three is five.
five is four.
four is magic.
This separates the number into tens and ones and sum them up. The undesirable property of the pseudo-ternary operator a and b or c
that c
is returned if b
is 0 is being abused here.
n=input()
x=0x4d2d0f47815890bd2
while n-4:p=n<20and x/10**n%10or 44378/4**(n/10-2)%4+x/10**(n%10)%10+4;print n,"is %d."%p;n=p
print"4 is magic."
The previous naive version (150 chars). Just encode all lengths as an integer.
n=input()
while n-4:p=3+int('1yrof7i9b1lsi207bozyzg2m7sclycst0zsczde5oks6zt8pedmnup5omwfx56b29',36)/10**n%10;print n,"is %d."%p;n=p
print"4 is magic."
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