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>>> (()) == ()
True
>>> (())
()
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The equals() method compares two strings, and returns true if the strings are equal, and false if not.
We can use == operators for reference comparison (address comparison) and . equals() method for content comparison. In simple words, == checks if both objects point to the same memory location whereas . equals() evaluates to the comparison of values in the objects.
The major difference between the == operator and . equals() method is that one is an operator, and the other is the method. Both these == operators and equals() are used to compare objects to mark equality.
The strict equality operator ( === ) checks whether its two operands are equal, returning a Boolean result. Unlike the equality operator, the strict equality operator always considers operands of different types to be different.
() is a 0-tuple. (foo) results in the value of foo. Hence, (()) results in a 0-tuple.
From the tutorial:
; a tuple with one item is constructed by following a value with a comma (it is not sufficient to enclose a single value in parentheses).
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For the same reason that (4) == 4: adding parentheses around an expression does not alter its meaning (unless it would otherwise have been grouped differently of course).
Note that ( foo ) is not a 1-tuple. Otherwise things like 3 * (4 + 5) would be an error as (4 + 5) would be a 1-tuple containing 9 and you can't add a number to a 1-tuple.
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