I'm running Ubuntu 12:04LTS and installed arm-linux-gnueabi C and C++ compiler. The compiled binary won't run on my target board. It looks like even if I specify the cpu and arch, the compiler still builds a binary for the wrong CPU. Instead of atm9tdmi it build and 7-A.
Am I doing something wrong or is there something I should have configured? Thanks.
~/ArmTest$ arm-linux-gnueabi-g++-4.4 -mcpu=arm9tdmi -march=armv4t -O main.cpp -o CPPTest
~/ArmTest$ readelf -A CPPTest
Attribute Section: aeabi
File Attributes
Tag_CPU_name: "7-A"
Tag_CPU_arch: v7
Tag_CPU_arch_profile: Application
Tag_ARM_ISA_use: Yes
Tag_THUMB_ISA_use: Thumb-2
Tag_FP_arch: VFPv3-D16
Tag_ABI_PCS_wchar_t: 4
Tag_ABI_FP_denormal: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_exceptions: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_number_model: IEEE 754
Tag_ABI_align_needed: 8-byte
Tag_ABI_align_preserved: 8-byte, except leaf SP
Tag_ABI_enum_size: int
Tag_ABI_HardFP_use: SP and DP
Tag_CPU_unaligned_access: v6
Tag_DIV_use: Not allowed
~/ArmTest$ file CPPTest
CPPTest: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.31, BuildID[sha1]=0xf8e81f7a1bb3ee1200cb3dd1aa5b192ecc6de831, not stripped
uname -a
Linux Desktop 3.2.0-32-generic-pae #51-Ubuntu SMP Wed Sep 26 21:54:23 UTC 2012 i686 athlon i386 GNU/Linux
:~/ArmTest$ arm-linux-gnueabi-g++-4.4 -v
Using built-in specs.
Target: arm-linux-gnueabi
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu/Linaro 4.4.7-1ubuntu2' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.4 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.4.7 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-objc-gc --disable-sjlj-exceptions --with-arch=armv7-a --with-float=softfp --with-fpu=vfpv3-d16 --with-mode=thumb --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --program-prefix=arm-linux-gnueabi- --includedir=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include --build=i686-linux-gnu --host=i686-linux-gnu --target=arm-linux-gnueabi --with-headers=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include --with-libs=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/lib
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.7 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.4.7-1ubuntu2)
:~/ArmTest$ cat main.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
cout<<"Hello World"<<endl;
return 0;
}
gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi is the cross-toolchain package for the armel architecture. This toolchain implies the EABI generated by gcc's -mfloat-abi=soft or -mfloat-abi=softfp options. gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf is the cross-toolchain package for the armhf architecture.
arm-none-linux-gnueabi - This toolchain targets the ARM architecture, has no vendor, creates binaries that run on the Linux operating system, and uses the GNU EABI. It is used to target ARM-based Linux systems.
Your compiler supports armv4t, problem is your linker has to link your object file with other files like libc, crt.o to create an executable. However in your toolchain all those files have been compiled for 7-A, thus result executable ends up being one as well. This is a problem with ubuntu cross toolchains, they are armv7a by default.
If you just compile your source file, you'll see that compiler outputs right object file type.
$ arm-linux-gnueabi-g++-4.4 -mcpu=arm9tdmi -march=armv4t -O -c main.cpp -o CPPTest
$ readelf -A CPPTest
Attribute Section: aeabi
File Attributes
Tag_CPU_name: "ARM9TDMI"
Tag_CPU_arch: v4T
Tag_ARM_ISA_use: Yes
Tag_THUMB_ISA_use: Thumb-1
Tag_FP_arch: VFPv3-D16
Tag_ABI_PCS_wchar_t: 4
Tag_ABI_FP_denormal: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_exceptions: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_number_model: IEEE 754
Tag_ABI_align_needed: 8-byte
Tag_ABI_align_preserved: 8-byte, except leaf SP
Tag_ABI_enum_size: int
Tag_ABI_HardFP_use: SP and DP
Tag_ABI_optimization_goals: Prefer Speed
Tag_DIV_use: Not allowed
So a toolchain is more than a compiler and every component of it needs to play along.
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