Asp.Net Web Form has built-in data controls and best for rapid development with powerful data access. Asp.Net MVC is lightweight, provide full control over markup and support many features that allow fast & agile development. Hence it is best for developing an interactive web application with the latest web standards.
MVC provides better support to TDD (Test driven development). TDD is related to the test first programming concepts of extreme programming. It helps us to reduced time in reworks and helps create loosely coupled code. MVC enforces separation that reduces complexity of project structure.
Despite what you might read online, ASP.NET Web Forms aren't dying out and they certainly aren't going away anytime soon. It's one of Microsoft's oldest . NET technologies, which means that it's also the most updated and mature as well.
ASP.NET is already antiquated, if you're looking to get into that world I would recommend Blazor which compiles to webassembly and can be used on the client side or the server side.
MVC baby! And JQuery!
Edit: OK, it's fair enough to say my response warrants a little more info.
I'd choose MVC for the following reasons:
I would choose MVC simply because it's designed to be testable and mock'able. That would be the major factor in my decision.
WebForms are much more difficult to Unit Test because they're rooted in several concrete classes that are difficult, it at all possible, to Mock. These include HttpContext, HttpResponse, HttpRequest and HttpCookie.
MVC is designed to be testable and it's API greatly facilitates doing so.
Good article on the testability of MVC: http://dotnetslackers.com/articles/aspnet/ASPNETMVCFrameworkPart2.aspx
Personally, I have decided to use both...
If it's a website (viewed online), I have decided to use ASP.NET MVC. If it was an application (web application with a single purpose) I have decided to use web forms.
This decision is purely based on the case use and the solution you trying to deliver. If you are interested in good SEO and a faster website, MVC is much cleaner HTML and faster than web forms.
However if you after a complex functionality with a lot of filters, grids, postbacks on the same page and you are well experienced in Web Forms, just stick with it.
If I were starting today I would probably still stick with webforms because of the volume of knowledge and resources surrounding it.
That said I really want to give MVC a shot and as others have mentioned the excitement within the community means it wont take long before there is a lot of support for it.
If you love us? You can donate to us via Paypal or buy me a coffee so we can maintain and grow! Thank you!
Donate Us With