What is the difference between gravity and layout_gravity in Android?

Question

I know we can set the following values to the android:gravity and android:layout_gravity properties:

1. center
2. center_vertical
3. center_horizontal, etc.

But I am confused regarding both of these.

What is the difference between the usage of android:gravity and android:layout_gravity?

Answer 1

Their names should help you:

• android:gravity sets the gravity of the contents (i.e. its subviews) of the View it's used on.
• android:layout_gravity sets the gravity of the View or Layout relative to its parent.

And an example is here.

Answer 2

Inside - Outside

• gravity arranges the content inside the view.
• layout_gravity arranges the view's position outside of itself.

Sometimes it helps to see a picture, too. The green and blue are TextViews and the other two background colors are LinearLayouts.

Notes

• The layout_gravity does not work for views in a RelativeLayout. Use it for views in a LinearLayout or FrameLayout. See my supplemental answer for more details.
• The view's width (or height) has to be greater than its content. Otherwise gravity won't have any effect. Thus, wrap_content and gravity are meaningless together.
• The view's width (or height) has to be less than the parent. Otherwise layout_gravity won't have any effect. Thus, match_parent and layout_gravity are meaningless together.
• The layout_gravity=center looks the same as layout_gravity=center_horizontal here because they are in a vertical linear layout. You can't center vertically in this case, so layout_gravity=center only centers horizontally.
• This answer only dealt with setting gravity and layout_gravity on the views within a layout. To see what happens when you set the gravity of the of the parent layout itself, check out the supplemental answer that I referred to above. (Summary: gravity doesn't work well on a RelativeLayout but can be useful with a LinearLayout.)

So remember, layout_gravity arranges a view in its layout. Gravity arranges the content inside the view.

xml

Here is the xml for the above image for your reference:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"     android:layout_width="match_parent"     android:layout_height="match_parent"     android:orientation="vertical" >      <LinearLayout         android:layout_width="match_parent"         android:layout_height="0dp"         android:layout_weight="1"         android:background="#e3e2ad"         android:orientation="vertical" >          <TextView             android:layout_width="wrap_content"             android:layout_height="wrap_content"             android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"             android:textSize="24sp"             android:text="gravity=" />          <TextView             android:layout_width="200dp"             android:layout_height="40dp"             android:background="#bcf5b1"             android:gravity="left"             android:text="left" />          <TextView             android:layout_width="200dp"             android:layout_height="40dp"             android:background="#aacaff"             android:gravity="center_horizontal"             android:text="center_horizontal" />          <TextView             android:layout_width="200dp"             android:layout_height="40dp"             android:background="#bcf5b1"             android:gravity="right"             android:text="right" />          <TextView             android:layout_width="200dp"             android:layout_height="40dp"             android:background="#aacaff"             android:gravity="center"             android:text="center" />      </LinearLayout>      <LinearLayout         android:layout_width="match_parent"         android:layout_height="0dp"         android:layout_weight="1"         android:background="#d6c6cd"         android:orientation="vertical" >          <TextView             android:layout_width="wrap_content"             android:layout_height="wrap_content"             android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"             android:textSize="24sp"             android:text="layout_gravity=" />          <TextView             android:layout_width="200dp"             android:layout_height="40dp"             android:layout_gravity="left"             android:background="#bcf5b1"             android:text="left" />          <TextView             android:layout_width="200dp"             android:layout_height="40dp"             android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"             android:background="#aacaff"             android:text="center_horizontal" />          <TextView             android:layout_width="200dp"             android:layout_height="40dp"             android:layout_gravity="right"             android:background="#bcf5b1"             android:text="right" />          <TextView             android:layout_width="200dp"             android:layout_height="40dp"             android:layout_gravity="center"             android:background="#aacaff"             android:text="center" />      </LinearLayout>  </LinearLayout> 

Related

• Difference between a View's Padding and Margin
• Match_parent vs wrap_content
• How to set both gravity and layout gravity of a LinearLayout programatically