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The key difference between Git and GitHub is that Git is an open-source tool developers install locally to manage source code, while GitHub is an online service to which developers who use Git can connect and upload or download resources.
Git Bash, quite simply, is an application for Microsoft Windows that emulates the "original" Git version control system as it was built for Unix-style environments.
A shell is a terminal application used to interface with an operating system through written commands. Bash is a popular default shell on Linux and macOS. Git Bash is a package that installs Bash, some common bash utilities, and Git on a Windows operating system.
Simply put, Git is a version control system that lets you manage and keep track of your source code history. GitHub is a cloud-based hosting service that lets you manage Git repositories. If you have open-source projects that use Git, then GitHub is designed to help you better manage them.
Well, for one thing, the default shell that comes with GitHub for Windows is PoshGit, which is a Windows Power Shell environment for Git. On the other hand, Git Bash/msysGit uses the Bash shell (Bourne Again Shell) and MinGW, which is a port of a Linux style environment and command line tools.
PoshGit will let you use Windows and Power Shell commands with Git at the command line, while Git Bash will let you use MinGW/Linux tools with Git at the command line.
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