What is the concrete type for this IEnumerable<string>
?
private IEnumerable<string> GetIEnumerable()
{
yield return "a";
yield return "a";
yield return "a";
}
The yield return statement returns one element at a time. The return type of yield keyword is either IEnumerable or IEnumerator . The yield break statement is used to end the iteration. We can consume the iterator method that contains a yield return statement either by using foreach loop or LINQ query.
Why should I use the yield keyword? The yield keyword can do a state-full iteration sans the need of creating a temporary collection. In other words, when using the "yield return" statement inside an iterator, you need not create a temporary collection to store data before it returned.
In the iterator block, the yield keyword is used together with the return keyword to provide a value to the enumerator object. This is the value that is returned, for example, in each loop of a foreach statement. The yield keyword is also used with break to signal the end of iteration."
When a yield return statement is reached in the iterator method, expression is returned, and the current location in code is retained. Execution is restarted from that location the next time that the iterator function is called.
It's a compiler-generated type. The compiler generates an IEnumerator<string>
implementation that returns three "a" values and an IEnumerable<string>
skeleton class that provides one of these in its GetEnumerator
method.
The generated code looks something like this*:
// No idea what the naming convention for the generated class is --
// this is really just a shot in the dark.
class GetIEnumerable_Enumerator : IEnumerator<string>
{
int _state;
string _current;
public bool MoveNext()
{
switch (_state++)
{
case 0:
_current = "a";
break;
case 1:
_current = "a";
break;
case 2:
_current = "a";
break;
default:
return false;
}
return true;
}
public string Current
{
get { return _current; }
}
object IEnumerator.Current
{
get { return Current; }
}
void IEnumerator.Reset()
{
// not sure about this one -- never really tried it...
// I'll just guess
_state = 0;
_current = null;
}
}
class GetIEnumerable_Enumerable : IEnumerable<string>
{
public IEnumerator<string> GetEnumerator()
{
return new GetIEnumerable_Enumerator();
}
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return GetEnumerator();
}
}
Or maybe, as SLaks says in his answer, the two implementations end up in the same class. I wrote this based on my choppy memory of generated code I'd looked at before; really, one class would suffice, as there's no reason the above functionality requires two.
In fact, come to think of it, the two implementations really should fall within a single class, as I just remembered the functions that use yield
statements must have a return type of either IEnumerable<T>
or IEnumerator<T>
.
Anyway, I'll let you perform the code corrections to what I posted mentally.
*This is purely for illustration purposes; I make no claim as to its real accuracy. It's only to demonstrate in a general way how the compiler does what it does, based on the evidence I've seen in my own investigations.
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