Vim: The "gq" Command to Hard-Wrap Comments, but Not the Code (even if no blank line in-between)

Question

My Vim configuration includes set formatoptions=c,q,a. I am completely annoyed with the following problem (| denotes cursor position, its exact position does not matter, as you probably know only the fact of its presence in this commented line matters):

" This is a long line which we would like to wrap. However, something sick is go|ing to happen if we hit "gqip" here!
if has('win32') || has('win64')
  set runtimepath^=~/.vim
  set runtimepath+=~/.vim/after
endif

Now we hit gqip:

" This is a long line which we would like to wrap. However, something sick is
" go|ing to happen if we hit "gqip" here!
if has('win32') || has('win64') set runtimepath^=~/.vim set
  runtimepath+=~/.vim/after endif

What it does is - it actually treats the whole thing as a single paragraph. (Yes, I know that separating with a blank line prevents this behavior, but it does not solve the problem!) What I would like it to be is indeed:

" This is a long line which we would like to wrap. However, something sick is
" go|ing to happen if we hit "gqip" here!
if has('win32') || has('win64')
  set runtimepath^=~/.vim
  set runtimepath+=~/.vim/after
endif

In other words, it would be great if gq could somehow forget about the code and work only with comments.

BONUS: How to do this formatting (wrapping comments only) on the whole buffer in one shot? Because, ideally I would like to move that stuff to a special formatting hook for file saving.

Answer 1

With my SameSyntaxMotion plugin, you can use the ay text object to represent the entire block of comments the cursor is in, and re-format it using gqay.

Answer 2

The meaning of the ip text object is rather narrow, as @IngoKarkat pointed out: it is simply any text paragraph delimited by blank lines.

I have also created a plugin that you could use to address this problem.

textobj-comment - Text objects for comments

In contrast with the SameSyntaxMotion plugin, textobj-comment relies on the filetype-specific 'comments' setting to identify comments. That means it should work even with syntax-highlighting turned off.

Use gqic to format a comment.

Pro tip: Prefer gw over gq as it preserves the cursor position.

Answer 3

Search for commented lines using :g, then wrap those lines:

:%g/^"/normal gq_