Use in-memory db to write tests for Rest controllers

Question

I'm writing a test for a Spring boot Rest controller. This rest controller writes some values to the db.

I want to use in-memory database which Spring provides for this test. According to this doc I have to annotate the test class with @DataJpaTest, which causes this error:

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext

Further down in the error stack trace I see the following exception was thrown:

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to replace DataSource with an embedded database for tests. If you want an embedded database please put a supported one on the classpath or tune the replace attribute of @AutoconfigureTestDatabase.

This is the test class which I'm working on:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@DataJpaTest
public class AuthenticationControllerFTest {

    @Autowired 
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext context;

    @Autowired
    private Filter springSecurityFilterChain;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(context)
                .addFilters(springSecurityFilterChain).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void testCreate() throws Exception {

        String exampleUserInfo = "{\"name\":\"Salam12333\",\"username\":\"[email protected]\",\"password\":\"Salam12345\"}";
        RequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders
                .post("/signup")
                .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(exampleUserInfo)
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);

        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(requestBuilder).andReturn();

        MockHttpServletResponse response = result.getResponse();
        int status = response.getStatus();
        Assert.assertEquals("http response status is wrong", 200, status);
    }
}

What is causing this error ?

Edit 1 This is the content of my application.properties:

spring.datasource.username = hello
spring.datasource.password = hello
spring.datasource.driver-class-name= com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myproject?useSSL=false

spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
logging.level.org.hibernate.SQL=DEBUG
logging.level.org.hibernate.type=TRACE
logging.level.org.springframework.web=DEBUG

server.port = 8443
server.ssl.key-store = classpath:tomcat.keystore
server.ssl.key-store-password = hello
server.ssl.key-password = hello
server.ssl.enabled = true
server.ssl.key-alias=myproject

Edit 2

I added the following to my pom.xml:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
    <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

I created application-test.properties with the following content:

spring.datasource.username= root
spring.datasource.password= password
spring.datasource.driver-class-name= org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.url= jdbc:h2:mem:db;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1

1. What is the username and passowrd ? Where should I set them ?
2. I also added @ActiveProfiles("test") to the test class, when I run the test I get an error which includes this line :

Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Access to DialectResolutionInfo cannot be null when 'hibernate.dialect' not set

Answer 1

Remove both annotations @AutoConfigureMockMvc and @DataJpaTest. You are trying to test the complete applciation, so need the @SpringBootTest annotation. @DataJpaTest is only needed if you want to test only the data apllication slice. Have a look at this: https://spring.io/blog/2016/04/15/testing-improvements-in-spring-boot-1-4

Answer 2

I believe, you can use below in-memory db with integration test -

This will also help if you are using json[b](though it is in DB2 but some ops like inserting/updating not support with our code) datatype or any other field that is not present in DB2 (compatibility issue).

Then refer this TestContainer - Stackoverflow answer

Pom.xml

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
        <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
        <version>1.15.1</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
        <version>1.15.1</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

XyzIT.java

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ActiveProfiles("test")
@Testcontainers

mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
@Test
void test(){
        var mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/opportunities/process")
                .header("emailId", "[email protected]")
                .header("Authorization", "authorization")
                .header("Content-Type", "application/json").content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(opportunity))).andReturn();

}

Application-test.yml

  datasource:
    initialization-mode: always
    schema: classpath*:schema-h2.sql  #initial sql script to createDB
    url: jdbc:tc:postgresql:11.9:///
  jpa:
    hibernate.ddl-auto: none
    properties:
      hibernate:
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
        format_sql: true
        default_schema: public
    show-sql: true