Unable to load sun.util.resources.cldr.provider.CLDRLocaleDataMetaInfo

Question

I've started getting a rather cryptic error in one of my tests. Surefire report is as follows:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Test set: de.systel.streckenmatching.GeoCoordinateTest
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.129 sec <<< FAILURE!
de.systel.streckenmatching.GeoCoordinateTest  Time elapsed: 0.128 sec  <<< ERROR!
java.util.ServiceConfigurationError: sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleDataMetaInfo: Unable to load sun.util.resources.cldr.provider.CLDRLocaleDataMetaInfo
    at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader.fail(ServiceLoader.java:584)
    at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader.loadProvider(ServiceLoader.java:856)
    at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader$ModuleServicesLookupIterator.hasNext(ServiceLoader.java:1078)
    at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader$2.hasNext(ServiceLoader.java:1301)
    at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader$3.hasNext(ServiceLoader.java:1386)
    at java.base/sun.util.cldr.CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter$1.run(CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter.java:89)
    at java.base/sun.util.cldr.CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter$1.run(CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter.java:86)
    at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:554)
    at java.base/sun.util.cldr.CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter.<init>(CLDRLocaleProviderAdapter.java:86)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstanceWithCaller(Constructor.java:500)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.ReflectAccess.newInstance(ReflectAccess.java:124)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.ReflectionFactory.newInstance(ReflectionFactory.java:346)
    at java.base/java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:604)
    at java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleProviderAdapter.forType(LocaleProviderAdapter.java:176)
    at java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleProviderAdapter.findAdapter(LocaleProviderAdapter.java:279)
    at java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleProviderAdapter.getAdapter(LocaleProviderAdapter.java:250)
    at java.base/java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols.getInstance(DecimalFormatSymbols.java:180)
    at java.base/java.util.Formatter.getZero(Formatter.java:2437)
    at java.base/java.util.Formatter.<init>(Formatter.java:1956)
    at java.base/java.util.Formatter.<init>(Formatter.java:1978)
    at java.base/java.lang.String.format(String.java:3302)
    at org.junit.runner.Description.formatDisplayName(Description.java:114)
    at org.junit.runner.Description.createTestDescription(Description.java:86)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.describeChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:96)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.describeChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.getDescription(ParentRunner.java:352)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:359)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:252)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:141)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
Caused by: java.lang.LinkageError: loader 'platform' attempted duplicate class definition for sun.util.resources.cldr.provider.CLDRLocaleDataMetaInfo. (sun.util.resources.cldr.provider.CLDRLocaleDataMetaInfo is in module jdk.localedata of loader 'platform')
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass2(Native Method)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1109)
    at java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:183)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.defineClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:780)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClassInModuleOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:701)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:582)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:634)
    at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:505)
    at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader.loadProvider(ServiceLoader.java:854)
    ... 40 more
Caused by: java.lang.LinkageError: loader 'platform' attempted duplicate class definition for sun.util.resources.cldr.provider.CLDRLocaleDataMetaInfo. (sun.util.resources.cldr.provider.CLDRLocaleDataMetaInfo is in module jdk.localedata of loader 'platform')
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass2(Native Method)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1109)
    at java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:183)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.defineClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:780)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClassInModuleOrNull(BuiltinClassLoader.java:701)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.findClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:582)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:634)
    at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:505)
    at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader.loadProvider(ServiceLoader.java:854)
    ... 40 more

The test itself is absolutely nothing special, just validating equals for some POJO classes:

public class GeoCoordinateTest {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        
        
        GeoCoordinate coord1 = new GeoCoordinate();
        coord1.setLatitude(5.0);
        coord1.setLongitude(10.0);

        GeoCoordinate coord2 = new GeoCoordinate();
        coord2.setLatitude(5.0);
        coord2.setLongitude(10.0);
        
        GeoCoordinate coord3 = new GeoCoordinate();
        coord3.setLatitude(5.1);
        coord3.setLongitude(10.0);
        
        
        assertEquals(coord1, coord2);
        assertNotEquals(coord1, coord3);
    }

}

It happens under OpenJDK 14:

...>java -version
openjdk version "14.0.1" 2020-04-14
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 14.0.1+7)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 14.0.1+7, mixed mode, sharing)

I am puzzled. What is happening and how do I fix this?

Answer 1

I had this happen when I was upgrading from Java 8 to Java 11 while running the test with JetBrains' IDE Intellij IDEA.

What was happening in my case was that the Project SDK was different from the one being used by the 'platform'.

In my case, the platform was Gradle's JVM. If anyone comes across this, know that you can set up the Build Tool to match the Project SDK by going to Preferences > Build, Execution, Deployment > Build Tools. Here you have options for Gradle or the question's Maven, among others.

Answer 2

The same happened to me when I was upgrading from JDK11 to JDF15. This problem appears at JDK14+, but is fine at JDK13.