Tensorflow high false-positive rate and non-max-suppression issue

Question

I am training Tensorflow Object detection on Windows 10using faster_rcnn_inception_v2_coco as pretrained model. I'm on Windows 10, with tensorflow-gpu 1.6 on NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080, CUDA 9.0 and CUDNN 7.0.

My dataset contain only one object, "Pistol", and 3000 images (2700 train set, 300 test set). The size of the images are from ~100x200 to ~800x600.

I trained this model for 55k iterations, where the mAP was ~0.8 and the TotalLoss seems converged to 0.001. But however, seeing the evaluation, that there are a lot of multiple bounding boxes on the same detected object (e.g. this and this), and lot of false positives (house detected as a pistol). For example, in this photo taked by me (blur filter was applied later), the model detect a person and a car as pistols, as well as the correct detection.

The dataset is uploaded here, together with the tfrecords and the label map. I used this config file, where the only things that I changed are: num_classes to 1, the fine_tune_checkpoint, input_path and label_map_path for train and eval, and num_examples. Since I thought that the multiple boxes are a non-max-suppression problem, I changed the score_threshold (line 73) from 0 to 0.01 and the iou_threshold (line 74) from 1 to 0.6. With the standard values the outcome was much worse than this.

What can I do to have a good detection? What should I change? Maybe I miss something about parameters tuning...

Thanks

Answer 1

I think that before diving into paramter tuning (i.e. the mentioned score_threshold) you will have to review your dataset.

I didn't check the entire dataset you shared but from a high level view the main problem I found is that most of the images are really small and with a highly variable aspect ratio.

In my opinion this enters in conflict with this part of your configuration file:

image_resizer {
  keep_aspect_ratio_resizer {
    min_dimension: 600
    max_dimension: 1024
  }
}

If take one of the images of your dataset and you manually apply that transformation you will see that the result is very noisy for small images and very deformed for many images that have a different aspect ratio.

I would highly recommend you to re-build your dataset with images with more definition and maybe try to preprocess the images with unusual aspect ration with padding, cropping or other strategies.

If you want to stick with the small images you'd have to at least change the min and max dimensions of the image_resizer but, from my experience, the biggest problem here is the dataset and I would invest the time in trying to fix that.

Pd.

I don't see the house false positive as a big problem if we consider that it's from a totally different domain of your dataset.

You could probably adjust the minium confidence to consider a detections as true positive and remove it.

If you take the current winner of COCO and feed it with strange images like from a cartoon you will see that it generates a lot of false positives.

So it's more like a problem with the current object detection approaches wich are not robust to domain changes.