Sum array elements in Mongodb aggregation

Question

I have the following collection with c array inside each document

{
  {
    id: 1,
    k: 2.2,
    type: "dog",
    c: [ {parentId:1, p:2.2}, {parentId:1, p:1.4} ]
  },

  {
    id: 2,
    k: 4.3,
    type:"cat",
    c: [ {parentId:2, p:5.2}, {parentId:2, p:4.5} ]
  }
}

parentId inside each subdocument in c is id of containing document.

I want to group all docs by type and in each group know sum of k and sum of all p in all arrays of the group.

Currently I do summation of k in the group stage but summation of p in the result array in the application. I want to do summation of p in DB!

This is what I do currently:

db.myCol.aggregate([

{ 
  $group: {
    _id: { type: '$type'},
    k: {$sum: '$k'}, // sum k values, very easy!
    // p: {$sum: '$c.0.p'} <==== Does not work, too
    c: {$addToSet: '$c'} // add to each group all c arrays of group's members
  }   
}
], function(err, res) {
   // go over c-arrays and sum p values
   var accP = 0; // accumulator for p values
   for ( var i=0; i<res.length; i++ ) {
     var c = res[i].c;
     for (var j=0;j<c.length; j++) {
       var c2 = c[j];
       for ( var k=0; k<c2.length; k++) { // finally got to objects c array
          accP += c2[k].p;
       }
     }
     res[i].c = accP; // replace array with accumulated p value
   }
});

Answer 1

You need to first $group your documents by "type", use the $sum accumulator operator to return the sum of "k" and use the $push which returns a 2D array of "c". Now you need two "$unwind" stage where you denormalize the "c" 2D array. Your last stage in the pipeline is another $group stage where you calculate the sum of "p" using "dot notation"

db.collection.aggregate([
    { '$group': {
        '_id': '$type', 
        'k': { '$sum': '$k' }, 'c': { '$push': '$c' } 
    } }, 
    { '$unwind': '$c' }, 
    { '$unwind': '$c' },
    { '$group': { 
        '_id': '$_id', 
        'k': { '$first': '$k' }, 
        'c': { '$sum': '$c.p' }
    }}
])

Which yields:

{ "_id" : "dog", "k" : 2.2, "c" : 3.6 }
{ "_id" : "cat", "k" : 4.3, "c" : 9.7 }

---

Starting in version 3.2, the following accumulator expressions, previously only available in the $group stage, are now also available in the $project stage.

Which means that we can take advantage of that and use the $sum accumulator operator in $project. Of course the $map operator returns an array of "p" for each document.

db.collection.aggregate([
    { '$project': { 
        'type': 1, 
        'k': 1, 
        'c': { 
            '$sum': {
                '$map': { 
                    'input': '$c', 
                    'as': 'subc', 
                    'in': '$$subc.p'
                }
            }
        }
    }}, 
    { '$group': { 
        '_id': '$type', 
        'k': { '$sum': '$k' }, 
        'c': { '$sum': '$c' }
    }}
])

Which returns:

{ "_id" : "cat", "k" : 4.3, "c" : 9.7 }
{ "_id" : "dog", "k" : 2.2, "c" : 3.6 }