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What is the recommended method for escaping variables before inserting them into the database in Java?
As I understand, I can use PreparedStatement.setString() to escape the data, but PreparedStatement seems somewhat impractical if I don't plan to run the same query ever again.. Is there a better way to do it without preparing every query?
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You should always prefer working with prepared statements for the security benefits. They all but eliminate vulnerability to SQL injection, without you having to worry about SQL-escaping values. If you have a query that doesn't run often, though (less than once per request), a prepared statement can take longer to run.
It is easy: If you know the string comes from your application and cannot be manipulated by a user, then there is no need for prepared statements, because there is nothing to inject.
Overview of Prepared StatementsIf you want to execute a Statement object many times, it usually reduces execution time to use a PreparedStatement object instead. The main feature of a PreparedStatement object is that, unlike a Statement object, it is given a SQL statement when it is created.
Methods of PreparedStatement interface sets the double value to the given parameter index. executes the query. It is used for create, drop, insert, update, delete etc.
Yes, use prepared statements for everything.
They're parsed once.
They're immune from SQL injection attacks.
They're a better design because you have to think about your SQL and how it's used.
If you think they're only used once, you aren't looking at the big picture. Some day, your data or your application will change.
Edit.
Why do prepared statements make you think about your SQL?
When you assemble a string (or simply execute a literal block of text) you aren't creating a new PreparedStatement object. You're just executing SQL -- it can be done very casually.
When you have to create (and save) a PreparedStatement, you have to think just a tiny bit more about encapsulation, allocation of responsibility. The preparation of a statement is a stateful event prior to doing any SQL processing.
The extra work is small, but not insignificant. It's what causes people to start thinking about ORM and a data caching layer, and things like that to optimize their database access.
With Prepared statements, database access is less casual, more intentional.
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