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I just finished a website that I designated and submitted it to google insights http://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/ for performance reviews, and this is the result I got. 
It says, I need to set expiry date or a maximum age in the the HTTP headers, but I don't know how it is possible to set expiry date for anything other than cookies/sessions.
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max-age. The max-age directive states the maximum amount of time in seconds that fetched responses are allowed to be used again (from the time when a request is made). For instance, max-age=90 indicates that an asset can be reused (remains in the browser cache) for the next 90 seconds.
The Expires HTTP header contains the date/time after which the response is considered expired. Invalid expiration dates with value 0 represent a date in the past and mean that the resource is already expired.
Cache-control is an HTTP header used to specify browser caching policies in both client requests and server responses. Policies include how a resource is cached, where it's cached and its maximum age before expiring (i.e., time to live).
Generally that is done using the .htaccess file on your host. Here is an example cut and pasted from HTTP cache headers with .htaccess
<IfModule mod_headers.c> # WEEK <FilesMatch "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|swf)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public" </FilesMatch> </IfModule> If delivering materials from a PHP shell you could use PHP to create the header in which case you would refer to the HTTP protocal outlined here section 14.9 Cache-Control http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html
<?php /* This file is a wrapper, */ header( 'Cache-Control: max-age=604800' ); /* now get and send images */ ?> I consider the .htaccess the easier of the two methods.
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