Running a Sonar Analysis from the Dashboard

Is there a way to run a Sonar 5.1.1 Analysis completely in the Dashboard GUI?

If not what are the steps to run it otherwise? I can't seem to find a document that walks you through the steps.

Which is used to run the SonarQube analysis?

Developers code in their IDEs and use SonarLint to run local analysis. Developers push their code to their favorite SCM. The Continuous Integration Server triggers an automatic build, and the execution of the Sonar Scanner required to run the SonarQube Analysis.

The Sonar Server / Dashboard / GUI is just used to display data, not to collect data (this old blog post explains the sonar architecture).

To collect data you can use maven, gradle, ant or sonar-runner for other projects. The documentation that guides you is in ... the sonar documentation :) - see the child pages, as they explain the details of how to configure the technologies I mentioned above.

I suggest you to also have a read at the configuration parameters you can pass, as the docs are not super clear about them.