replace NULL values with latest non-NULL value in resultset series (SQL Server 2008 R2)

Question

for SQL Server 2008 R2

I have a resultset that looks like this (note [price] is numeric, NULL below represents a NULL value, the result set is ordered by product_id and timestamp)

product timestamp          price 
------- ----------------   -----
   5678 2008-01-01 12:00   12.34
   5678 2008-01-01 12:01    NULL
   5678 2008-01-01 12:02    NULL
   5678 2008-01-01 12:03   23.45
   5678 2008-01-01 12:04    NULL

I want to transform that to a result set that (essentially) copies a non-null value from the latest preceding row, to produce a resultset that looks like this:

product timestamp          price  
------- ----------------   -----
   5678 2008-01-01 12:00   12.34
   5678 2008-01-01 12:01   12.34
   5678 2008-01-01 12:02   12.34
   5678 2008-01-01 12:03   23.45
   5678 2008-01-01 12:04   23.45

I don't find any aggregate/windowing function that will allow me to do this (again this ONLY needed for SQL Server 2008 R2.)

I was hoping to find an analytic aggregate function that do this for me, something like...

LAST_VALUE(price) OVER (PARTITION BY product_id ORDER BY timestamp)

But I don't seem to find any way to do a "cumulative latest non-null value" in the window (to bound the window to the preceding rows, rather than the entire partition)

Aside from creating a table-valued user defined function, is there any builtin that would accomplish this?

---

UPDATE:

Apparently, this functionality is available in the 'Denali' CTP, but not in SQL Server 2008 R2.

LAST_VALUE http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh231517%28v=SQL.110%29.aspx

I just expected it to be available in SQL Server 2008. It's available in Oracle (since 10gR2 at least), and I can do something similar in MySQL 5.1, using a local variable.

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E14072_01/server.112/e10592/functions083.htm

Answer 1

You can try the following:

* Updated **

-- Test Data
DECLARE @YourTable TABLE(Product INT, Timestamp DATETIME, Price NUMERIC(16,4))

INSERT INTO @YourTable
SELECT 5678, '20080101 12:00:00', 12.34
UNION ALL
SELECT 5678, '20080101 12:01:00', NULL
UNION ALL
SELECT 5678, '20080101 12:02:00', NULL
UNION ALL
SELECT 5678, '20080101 12:03:00', 23.45
UNION ALL
SELECT 5678, '20080101 12:04:00', NULL

;WITH CTE AS
(
    SELECT *
    FROM @YourTable
)

-- Query
SELECT A.Product, A.Timestamp, ISNULL(A.Price,B.Price) Price
FROM CTE A
OUTER APPLY (   SELECT TOP 1 *
                FROM CTE 
                WHERE Product = A.Product AND Timestamp < A.Timestamp
                AND Price IS NOT NULL
                ORDER BY Product, Timestamp DESC) B

--Results
Product Timestamp   Price
5678    2008-01-01 12:00:00.000 12.3400
5678    2008-01-01 12:01:00.000 12.3400
5678    2008-01-01 12:02:00.000 12.3400
5678    2008-01-01 12:03:00.000 23.4500
5678    2008-01-01 12:04:00.000 23.4500

Answer 2

I have a table containing the following data. I want to update all nulls in salary columns with previous value without taking null value.

Table:

id  name    salary
1   A       4000
2   B   
3   C   
4   C   
5   D       2000
6   E   
7   E   
8   F       1000
9   G       2000
10  G       3000
11  G       5000
12  G   

here is the query that works for me.

select a.*,first_value(a.salary)over(partition by a.value order by a.id) as abc from
(
     select *,sum(case when salary is null then 0 else 1 end)over(order by id) as value from test)a

output:

id  name    salary  Value   abc
1   A       4000    1     4000
2   B               1     4000
3   C               1     4000
4   C               1     4000
5   D       2000    2     2000
6   E               2     2000
7   E               2     2000
8   F       1000    3     1000
9   G       2000    4     2000
10  G       3000    5     3000
11  G       5000    6     5000
12  G               6     5000