removing new line character from incoming stream using sed

Question

I am new to shell scripting and i am trying to remove new line character from each line using SED. this is what i have done so far :

printf "{new\nto\nlinux}" | sed ':a;N;s/\n/ /g'

removes only Ist new line character. I somewhere found this command :

printf "{new\nto\nlinux}" | sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/ /g'

but it gives :"ba: Event not found."

if i do:

printf "{new\nto\nlinux}" | sed ':a;N;s/\n/ /g' | sed ':a;N;s/\n/ /g'

then it gives correct output but i am looking for something better as i am not sure how many new character i will get when i run the script. incoming stream is from echo or printf or some variable in script. Thanks in advance

Answer 1

To remove newlines, use tr:

tr -d '\n'

If you want to replace each newline with a single space:

tr '\n' ' '

The error ba: Event not found is coming from csh, and is due to csh trying to match !ba in your history list. You can escape the ! and write the command:

sed ':a;N;$\!ba;s/\n/ /g'  # Suitable for csh only!!

but sed is the wrong tool for this, and you would be better off using a shell that handles quoted strings more reasonably. That is, stop using csh and start using bash.

Answer 2

This might work for you:

printf "{new\nto\nlinux}" | paste -sd' '            
{new to linux}

or:

printf "{new\nto\nlinux}" | tr '\n' ' '            
{new to linux}

or:

printf "{new\nto\nlinux}" |sed -e ':a' -e '$!{' -e 'N' -e 'ba' -e '}' -e 's/\n/ /g'
{new to linux}