Redefining static method in child class

Question

I would like to know the reason why this is first allowed in Java (or oops in general) I remember that the static methods are common for both parent and child class

public class Redefine extends Parent{
    public static void test () {

    }
}


class Parent{
    public static void test () {

    }
}

Q1 : Since Overriding is not supported for static methods , how can both classe contain same methods ?

Q2 : If change the method in static to throw an exception not defined its not compiling. why is the case. Its obviously not overriding so i should be allowed to throw new exceptions right ?

public class Redefine extends Parent{
    public static void test () throws Exception{

    }
}

Answer 1

A1:: static method are per-class. They have nothing to do with inheritance hierarchies in terms of polymorphism. So calling Parent.test() will call the parent method, while calling Redefine.test() will call the child.

A2: JLS 8.4.8 writes:

If a class declares a static method m, then the declaration m is said to hide any method m', where the signature of m is a subsignature (§8.4.2) of the signature of m', in the superclasses and superinterfaces of the class that would otherwise be accessible to code in the class.

A method declaration must not have a throws clause that conflicts (§8.4.6) with that of any method that it overrides or hides; otherwise, a compile-time error occurs.