I have a set of random points arranged in a square-like shape (with rough edges) and I would like to plot only the outermost points - only the points closest to the imaginary edge of the shape (so that I can then have a clear border between multiple similar datasets that have some overlap).
Any suggestions on how can I select those points is greatly appreciated.
You could use scipy's convex hull function, see scipy docs. The docs page gives the following example
from scipy.spatial import ConvexHull
points = np.random.rand(30, 2) # 30 random points in 2-D
hull = ConvexHull(points)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.plot(points[:,0], points[:,1], 'o')
# plot convex hull polygon
plt.plot(points[hull.vertices,0], points[hull.vertices,1], 'r--', lw=2)
# plot convex full vertices
plt.plot(points[hull.vertices[0],0], points[hull.vertices[0],1], 'ro')
plt.show()
You could compute the convex hull of your dataset. Here is a pure-Python implementation; there are third-party packages which may have better performance:
import random
import sys
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
CLOCKWISE = -1
COLLINEAR = 0
COUNTERCLOCKWISE = +1
eps = sys.float_info.epsilon
def orientation(a, b):
x0, y0 = a
x1, y1 = b
cross = x0 * y1 - x1 * y0
if cross > eps:
return COUNTERCLOCKWISE
elif cross < -eps:
return CLOCKWISE
else:
return COLLINEAR
def same_halfplane(a, b):
x0, y0 = a
x1, y1 = b
dot = x0 * x1 + y0 * y1
if dot >= eps:
return True
elif dot < eps:
return False
def jarvis(points):
"""
http://cgi.di.uoa.gr/~compgeom/pycgalvisual/whypython.shtml
Jarvis Convex Hull algorithm.
"""
points = points[:]
r0 = min(points)
hull = [r0]
r, u = r0, None
remainingPoints = [x for x in points if x not in hull]
while u != r0 and remainingPoints:
u = random.choice(remainingPoints)
for t in points:
a = (u[0] - r[0], u[1] - r[1])
b = (t[0] - u[0], t[1] - u[1])
if (t != u and
(orientation(a, b) == CLOCKWISE or
(orientation(a, b) == COLLINEAR and
same_halfplane(a, b)))):
u = t
r = u
points.remove(r)
hull.append(r)
try:
remainingPoints.remove(r)
except ValueError:
# ValueError: list.remove(x): x not in list
pass
return hull
if __name__ == '__main__':
points = iter(random.uniform(0, 10) for _ in xrange(20))
points = zip(points, points)
hull = jarvis(points)
px, py = zip(*points)
hx, hy = zip(*hull)
plt.plot(px, py, 'b.', markersize=10)
plt.plot(hx, hy, 'g.-', markersize=10)
plt.show()
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