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Python Imaging Library (PIL) Drawing--Rounded rectangle with gradient

I am trying to use PIL to draw a rectangle with rounded corners and a gradient fill for the color. I found a cool web site ( http://web.archive.org/web/20130306020911/http://nadiana.com/pil-tutorial-basic-advanced-drawing#Drawing_Rounded_Corners_Rectangle ) that shows how to draw a solid-color rounded rectangle and I am happy with this, but I want to be able to draw one that starts light red at the top and goes to dark red at the bottom.

My initial thought was to use the code in the website above to draw a rounded rectangle, and then overlay a second white to black rectangle over the rounded rectangle, using alpha blending. Everything that I've tried ends up blowing up in my face.

I have seen some near-miss solutions using numpy, but I am not skilled enough to commute those code fragments to a successful solution. I would be grateful if someone could show how to modify the code in the link above, implement my overlay idea, or show a completely better solution for getting a rounded rectangle with gradient fill in Python.

Cheers, Ferris

like image 571
ferris Avatar asked Oct 16 '11 21:10

ferris


People also ask

How do you draw a rectangle on the PIL image in Python?

rectangle() Draws an rectangle. Parameters: xy – Four points to define the bounding box. Sequence of either [(x0, y0), (x1, y1)] or [x0, y0, x1, y1].

Which method is used for drawing rounded rectangle?

We can use the drawRoundRect() method that accepts x-coordinate, y-coordinate, width, height, arcWidth, and arc height to draw a rounded rectangle.


3 Answers

This is a very brute force method, but it gets the job done. Code to produce the gradients was borrowed from here.

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw

def channel(i, c, size, startFill, stopFill):
    """calculate the value of a single color channel for a single pixel"""
    return startFill[c] + int((i * 1.0 / size) * (stopFill[c] - startFill[c]))

def color(i, size, startFill, stopFill):
    """calculate the RGB value of a single pixel"""
    return tuple([channel(i, c, size, startFill, stopFill) for c in range(3)])

def round_corner(radius):
    """Draw a round corner"""
    corner = Image.new('RGBA', (radius, radius), (0, 0, 0, 0))
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(corner)
    draw.pieslice((0, 0, radius * 2, radius * 2), 180, 270, fill="blue")
    return corner

def apply_grad_to_corner(corner, gradient, backwards = False, topBottom = False):
    width, height = corner.size
    widthIter = range(width)

    if backwards:
        widthIter.reverse()

    for i in xrange(height):
        gradPos = 0
    for j in widthIter:
                if topBottom:
                    pos = (i,j)
                else:
                    pos = (j,i)
        pix = corner.getpixel(pos)
            gradPos+=1
        if pix[3] != 0:
            corner.putpixel(pos,gradient[gradPos])

    return corner

def round_rectangle(size, radius, startFill, stopFill, runTopBottom = False):
    """Draw a rounded rectangle"""
    width, height = size
    rectangle = Image.new('RGBA', size)

    if runTopBottom:
      si = height
    else:
      si = width

    gradient = [ color(i, width, startFill, stopFill) for i in xrange(si) ]

    if runTopBottom:
        modGrad = []
        for i in xrange(height):
           modGrad += [gradient[i]] * width
        rectangle.putdata(modGrad)
    else:
        rectangle.putdata(gradient*height)

    origCorner = round_corner(radius)

    # upper left
    corner = origCorner
    apply_grad_to_corner(corner,gradient,False,runTopBottom)
    rectangle.paste(corner, (0, 0))

    # lower left
    if runTopBottom: 
        gradient.reverse()
        backwards = True
    else:
        backwards = False


    corner = origCorner.rotate(90)
    apply_grad_to_corner(corner,gradient,backwards,runTopBottom)
    rectangle.paste(corner, (0, height - radius))

    # lower right
    if not runTopBottom: 
        gradient.reverse()

    corner = origCorner.rotate(180)
    apply_grad_to_corner(corner,gradient,True,runTopBottom)
    rectangle.paste(corner, (width - radius, height - radius))

    # upper right
    if runTopBottom: 
        gradient.reverse()
        backwards = False
    else:
        backwards = True

    corner = origCorner.rotate(270)
    apply_grad_to_corner(corner,gradient,backwards,runTopBottom)
    rectangle.paste(corner, (width - radius, 0))

    return rectangle

img = round_rectangle((200, 200), 70, (255,0,0), (0,255,0), True)
img.save("test.png", 'PNG')

Running from left to right (runTopBottom = False):

enter image description here

Running from top to bottom (runTopBottom = True):

enter image description here

like image 120
Mark Avatar answered Sep 29 '22 02:09

Mark


In case someone in the future is looking for a slightly more turn-key solution that can be monkey patched onto ImageDraw, I wrote the following.

Hopefully it helps.

Example: enter image description here Code:

from PIL.ImageDraw import ImageDraw


def rounded_rectangle(self: ImageDraw, xy, corner_radius, fill=None, outline=None):
    upper_left_point = xy[0]
    bottom_right_point = xy[1]
    self.rectangle(
        [
            (upper_left_point[0], upper_left_point[1] + corner_radius),
            (bottom_right_point[0], bottom_right_point[1] - corner_radius)
        ],
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )
    self.rectangle(
        [
            (upper_left_point[0] + corner_radius, upper_left_point[1]),
            (bottom_right_point[0] - corner_radius, bottom_right_point[1])
        ],
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )
    self.pieslice([upper_left_point, (upper_left_point[0] + corner_radius * 2, upper_left_point[1] + corner_radius * 2)],
        180,
        270,
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )
    self.pieslice([(bottom_right_point[0] - corner_radius * 2, bottom_right_point[1] - corner_radius * 2), bottom_right_point],
        0,
        90,
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )
    self.pieslice([(upper_left_point[0], bottom_right_point[1] - corner_radius * 2), (upper_left_point[0] + corner_radius * 2, bottom_right_point[1])],
        90,
        180,
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )
    self.pieslice([(bottom_right_point[0] - corner_radius * 2, upper_left_point[1]), (bottom_right_point[0], upper_left_point[1] + corner_radius * 2)],
        270,
        360,
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )


ImageDraw.rounded_rectangle = rounded_rectangle
like image 29
Whelchel Avatar answered Sep 29 '22 04:09

Whelchel


For anyone looking for an updated version, this is a modified version of Whelchel's answer using Pillow 7.2.0 instead of PIL. (I had a problem with outlines using the previous version)

Code:

def rounded_rectangle(self: ImageDraw, xy, corner_radius, fill=None, outline=None):
    upper_left_point = xy[0]
    bottom_right_point = xy[1]


    self.pieslice([upper_left_point, (upper_left_point[0] + corner_radius * 2, upper_left_point[1] + corner_radius * 2)],
        180,
        270,
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )
    self.pieslice([(bottom_right_point[0] - corner_radius * 2, bottom_right_point[1] - corner_radius * 2), bottom_right_point],
        0,
        90,
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )
    self.pieslice([(upper_left_point[0], bottom_right_point[1] - corner_radius * 2), (upper_left_point[0] + corner_radius * 2, bottom_right_point[1])],
        90,
        180,
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )
    self.pieslice([(bottom_right_point[0] - corner_radius * 2, upper_left_point[1]), (bottom_right_point[0], upper_left_point[1] + corner_radius * 2)],
        270,
        360,
        fill=fill,
        outline=outline
    )
    self.rectangle(
        [
            (upper_left_point[0], upper_left_point[1] + corner_radius),
            (bottom_right_point[0], bottom_right_point[1] - corner_radius)
        ],
        fill=fill,
        outline=fill
    )
    self.rectangle(
        [
            (upper_left_point[0] + corner_radius, upper_left_point[1]),
            (bottom_right_point[0] - corner_radius, bottom_right_point[1])
        ],
        fill=fill,
        outline=fill
    )
    self.line([(upper_left_point[0] + corner_radius, upper_left_point[1]), (bottom_right_point[0] - corner_radius, upper_left_point[1])], fill=outline)
    self.line([(upper_left_point[0] + corner_radius, bottom_right_point[1]), (bottom_right_point[0] - corner_radius, bottom_right_point[1])], fill=outline)
    self.line([(upper_left_point[0], upper_left_point[1] + corner_radius), (upper_left_point[0], bottom_right_point[1] - corner_radius)], fill=outline)
    self.line([(bottom_right_point[0], upper_left_point[1] + corner_radius), (bottom_right_point[0], bottom_right_point[1] - corner_radius)], fill=outline)
like image 32
Yayiest Avatar answered Sep 29 '22 02:09

Yayiest