I'm attempting to download some data from an internal server using Python. Since it's internal, it uses a self-signed certificate. (We don't want to pay Verisign for servers that will never appear "in the wild.") The Python 2.6 version of the code worked fine.
response = urllib2.urlopen(URL)
data = csv.reader(response)
I'm now trying to update to Python 3.4 (long story, don't ask.) However, using Python 3's urllib fails:
response = urllib.request.urlopen(URL)
It throws a CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED error.
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:600)>
In reading around the web, apparently Python 2.6 urllib2 doesn't bother to verify certificates. Some versions of urllib allow "verify=False" to be passed to the method signature, but that doesn't appear to work in Python 3.4.
Does anyone know how I can get around this? I'd like to avoid using the Requests package because of corporate security guidelines.
The urllib module in Python 3 allows you access websites via your program. This opens up as many doors for your programs as the internet opens up for you. urllib in Python 3 is slightly different than urllib2 in Python 2, but they are mostly the same.
The Python 3 standard library has a new urllib which is a merged/refactored/rewritten version of the older modules. urllib3 is a third-party package (i.e., not in CPython's standard library).
I found that time took to send the data from the client to the server took same time for both modules (urllib, requests) but the time it took to return data from the server to the client is more then twice faster in urllib compare to request. I'm working on localhost.
Use following for disabling SSL certificate validation for a URL
import ssl
myssl = ssl.create_default_context();
myssl.check_hostname=False
myssl.verify_mode=ssl.CERT_NONE
urlopen("URL",context=myssl)
Use following to disable SSL certificate validations for all URLs
ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
urlopen("URL");
urllib.request.urlopen
has a context keyword parameter that accepts an SSLContext object. So, passing a SSLContext
object with .verify_mode set to ssl.CERT_NONE i.e. SSLContext.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
should be equal to verify=False
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