Is there any publicly available (rdf) color ontology? Thanks for any pointer.
You could use the resources of dbpedia.
SPARQL:
select distinct ?c where {?c a <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Colour> }
http://dbpedia.org/sparql?default-graph-uri=http%3A%2F%2Fdbpedia.org&query=select+distinct+%3Fc+where+{%3Fc+a+%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdbpedia.org%2Fontology%2FColour%3E+}&format=text%2Fhtml&timeout=0&debug=on
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Turquoise_(color)
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Orange_(colour)
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Gold_(color)
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Terracotta
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cobalt_blue
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Orchid_(color)
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Buff_(colour)
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Isabelline_(colour)
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Egyptian_blue
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Phthalocyanine_Green_G
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Phthalocyanine_Blue_BN
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Vermilion
(...)
Try the Linked Open Colors vocabulary, which provides IRIs for all colours of the RGB spectrum.
Edit: as Joshua Taylor said in comments, the link was dead so I changed it. I also added a sentence to say what the link is about, to address the "this is a link only answer".
Edit (bis): The link is now dead for good. Ignore this answer and feel free to downvote it many times. However, the code is still available and theoretically could be redeployed elsewhere in the future, thus I keep the answer here.
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