Problems installing R packages from source in RStudio - Ubuntu 16.04

Question

I'm running R and RStudio on Ubuntu 16.04 64-bit, and am trying to do clustering analysis, though I think my error is not specific to this package... But when I try to install the package 'ClusterR' from CRAN, I get the following error.

> install.packages("ClusterR")
Installing package into ‘/home/daniel/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
also installing the dependencies ‘tiff’, ‘OpenImageR’, ‘gmp’

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/tiff_0.1-5.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 28925 bytes (28 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 28 KB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/OpenImageR_1.0.6.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 802641 bytes (783 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 783 KB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/gmp_0.5-13.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 131321 bytes (128 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 128 KB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/ClusterR_1.0.5.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 916490 bytes (895 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 895 KB

* installing *source* package ‘tiff’ ...
** package ‘tiff’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** libs
gcc -std=gnu99 -I/usr/share/R/include -DNDEBUG      -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c common.c -o common.o
In file included from common.c:1:0:
common.h:5:18: fatal error: tiff.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
/usr/lib/R/etc/Makeconf:159: recipe for target 'common.o' failed
make: *** [common.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘tiff’
* removing ‘/home/daniel/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/tiff’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘tiff’ had non-zero exit status
* installing *source* package ‘gmp’ ...
** package ‘gmp’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
creating cache ./config.cache
checking for __gmpz_ui_sub in -lgmp... no
configure: error: GNU MP not found, or not 4.1.4 or up, see http://gmplib.org
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘gmp’
* removing ‘/home/daniel/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/gmp’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘gmp’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependency ‘tiff’ is not available for package ‘OpenImageR’
* removing ‘/home/daniel/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/OpenImageR’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘OpenImageR’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘OpenImageR’, ‘gmp’ are not available for package ‘ClusterR’
* removing ‘/home/daniel/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/ClusterR’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘ClusterR’ had non-zero exit status

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/RtmpuIo1WM/downloaded_packages’

And indeed, if I try installing just the package 'tiff' I get the same error, distilled here:

Installing package into ‘/home/daniel/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/tiff_0.1-5.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 28925 bytes (28 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 28 KB

* installing *source* package ‘tiff’ ...
** package ‘tiff’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** libs
gcc -std=gnu99 -I/usr/share/R/include -DNDEBUG      -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c common.c -o common.o
In file included from common.c:1:0:
common.h:5:18: fatal error: tiff.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
/usr/lib/R/etc/Makeconf:159: recipe for target 'common.o' failed
make: *** [common.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘tiff’
* removing ‘/home/daniel/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/tiff’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘tiff’ had non-zero exit status

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/RtmpuIo1WM/downloaded_packages’

I'm still somewhat of a coding newbie, both with R and Ubuntu, so I'm not sure what I'm missing here? I have a feeling that I'm missing some dependency/library in Ubuntu that is needed for installing from source this way in R but I'm not sure what? And I haven't had trouble installing other packages from source, including even other packages loaded with 'ClusterR'.

I have GCC Fortran installed, terminal code listed here:

daniel@fulgur-desktop:~$ gcc --version
gcc (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.4) 5.4.0 20160609
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Answer 1

R packages often has external system dependencies that usually cannot be installed through R. If you check the CRAN package docs for the tiff package it mentions tiff and jpeg libraries are required. Anyway, looking around on Ubuntu package list and making a search for tiff leads to the libtiff5-dev package. Run

sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev

And you should be fine. As a heads up, for installing system requirements for an R package, you usually want to install the version with -dev at the end.