PHP: Namespaces in a single file with a global namespace

Question

I have a file that require()'s a namespace, as such:

<?php
require_once('Beer.php');   // This file contains the Beer namespace

$foo = new Beer\Carlsburg();
?>

I would like to put the Beer namespace directly in the same file, like this (unworking) example:

<?php
namespace Beer {
    class Carlsburg {}
}

$foo = new Beer\Carlsburg();
?>

However, the PHP interpreter complains that No code may exist outside of namespace. I can therefore wrap $foo declaration in a namespace, but then I must also wrap Beer in that namespace to access it! Here is a working example of what I am trying to avoid:

<?php
namespace Main\Beer {
    class Carlsburg {}
}

namespace Main {
    $foo = new Beer\Carlsburg();
}
?>

Is there any way to include the code for the Beer namespace in the file, yet not wrap the $foo declaration in its own namespace (leave it in the global namespace)?

Thanks.

Answer 1

You should use the global namespace :

<?php
namespace Beer {
    class Carlsburg {}
}


namespace { // global code
    $foo = new Beer\Carlsburg();
}
?>

See here -> http://php.net/manual/en/language.namespaces.definitionmultiple.php

Answer 2

Try this

namespace Beer {
  class Carlsburg {}
}

//global scope 
namespace {
  $foo = new Beer\Carlsburg();
}

As per example #3 in Defining multiple namespaces in the same file

Answer 3

Try placing a backslash before the namespace name:

$beer = new \Beer\Carlsberg();

The initial backslash is translated to "global namespace". If you do not put the leading backslash, the class name is translated to the current namespace.

Answer 4

Just write it, it has no "name":

<?php
namespace Main\Beer {
    class Carlsburg {}
}

namespace {
    use Main\Beer;
    $foo = new Beer\Carlsburg();
}
?>

Demo and see Defining multiple namespaces in the same file^Docs.