Passing a C# class object in and out of a C++ DLL class

Question

I've been working on a prototype code application that runs in C# and uses classes and functions from older C++ code (in the form of an imported DLL). The code requirement is to pass in a class object to the unmanaged C++ DLL (from C#) and have it be stored/modified for retrieval later by the C# application. Here's the code I have so far...

Simple C++ DLL Class:

class CClass : public CObject
{
public:
    int intTest1
};

C++ DLL Functions:

CClass *Holder = new CClass;

extern "C"
{
    // obj always comes in with a 0 value.
    __declspec(dllexport) void SetDLLObj(CClass* obj)
    {
        Holder = obj;
    }

    // obj should leave with value of Holder (from SetDLLObj).
    __declspec(dllexport) void GetDLLObj(__out CClass* &obj)
    {
        obj = Holder;
    }
}

C# Class and Wrapper:

[StructureLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class CSObject
{
    public int intTest2;
}

class LibWrapper
{
    [DLLImport("CPPDLL.dll")]
    public static extern void SetDLLObj([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] 
      CSObject csObj);
    public static extern void GetDLLObj([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] 
      ref CSObject csObj);
}

C# Function Call to DLL:

class TestCall
{
    public static void CallDLL()
    {
        ...
        CSObject objIn = new CSObject();
        objIn.intTest2 = 1234; // Just so it contains something.
        LibWrapper.SetDLLObj(objIn);
        CSObject objOut = new CSObject();
        LibWrapper.GetDLLObj(ref objOut);
        MessageBox.Show(objOut.intTest2.ToString()); // This only outputs "0".
        ...
    }
}

Nothing but junk values appear to be available within the DLL (coming from the passed in C# object). I believe I am missing something with the class marshalling or a memory/pointer issue. What am I missing?

Edit: I changed the above code to reflect changes to the method/function definitions, in C#/C++, suggested by Bond. The value (1234) being passed in is retrieved by the C# code correctly now. This has exposed another issue in the C++ DLL. The 1234 value is not available to the C++ code. Instead the object has a value of 0 inside the DLL. I would like to use predefined C++ functions to edit the object from within the DLL. Any more help is greatly appreciated. Thanks!

Answer 1

Bond was correct, I can't pass an object between managed and unmanaged code and still have it retain its stored information.

I ended up just calling C++ functions to create an object and pass the pointer back into C#'s IntPtr type. I can then pass the pointer around to any C++ function I need (provided it's extern) from C#. This wasn't excatly what we wanted to do, but it will serve its purpose to the extent we need it.

Here's C# the wrapper I'm using for example/reference. (Note: I'm using StringBuilder instead of the 'int intTest' from my example above. This is what we wanted for our prototype. I just used an integer in the class object for simplicity.):

class LibWrapper
{
    [DllImport("CPPDLL.dll")]
    public static extern IntPtr CreateObject();
    [DllImport("CPPDLL.dll")]
    public static extern void SetObjectData(IntPtr ptrObj, StringBuilder strInput);
    [DllImport("CPPDLL.dll")]
    public static extern StringBuilder GetObjectData(IntPtr ptrObj);
    [DllImport("CPPDLL.dll")]
    public static extern void DisposeObject(IntPtr ptrObj);
}

public static void CallDLL()
{
    try
    {
        IntPtr ptrObj = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(4);
        ptrObj = LibWrapper.CreateObject();
        StringBuilder strInput = new StringBuilder();
        strInput.Append("DLL Test");
        MessageBox.Show("Before DLL Call: " + strInput.ToString());
        LibWrapper.SetObjectData(ptrObj, strInput);
        StringBuilder strOutput = new StringBuilder();
        strOutput = LibWrapper.GetObjectData(ptrObj);
        MessageBox.Show("After DLL Call: " + strOutput.ToString());
        LibWrapper.DisposeObject(ptrObj);
    }
    ...
}

Of course the C++ performs all the needed modifications and the only way for C# to access the contents is, more or less, by requesting the desired contents through C++. The C# code does not have access to the unmanged class contents in this way, making it a little longer to code on both ends. But, it works for me.

This is the references I used to come up with the basis of my solution: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/18032/How-to-Marshal-a-C-Class

Hopefully this can help some others save more time than I did trying to figure it out!

Answer 2

I believe you should declare your returning method like this

__declspec(dllexport) void getDLLObj(__out CClass* &obj)

and respectively the C# prototype

public static extern void GetDLLObj([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] 
      ref CSObject csObj);

the inbound method should take a pointer to CClass too, the C# prototype is ok.