Oracle JDBC and Oracle CHAR data type

Question

I have a tricky issue with the Oracle JDBC driver's handling of CHAR data types. Let's take this simple table:

create table x (c char(4));
insert into x (c) values ('a');  -- inserts 'a   '

So when I insert something into CHAR(4), the string is always filled with whitespace. This is also done when I execute queries like this:

select * from x where c = 'a';    -- selects 1 record
select * from x where c = 'a ';   -- selects 1 record
select * from x where c = 'a   '; -- selects 1 record

Here, the constant 'a' is filled with whitespace as well. That's why the record is always returned. This holds true when these queries are executed using a JDBC PreparedStatement as well. Now the tricky thing is when I want to use a bind variable:

PreparedStatement stmt = 
  conn.prepareStatement("select * from x where c = ?");
stmt.setString(1, "a");    // This won't return any records
stmt.setString(1, "a   "); // This will return a record
stmt.executeQuery();

This is a workaround:

PreparedStatement stmt = 
  conn.prepareStatement("select * from x where trim(c) = trim(?)");
stmt.setString(1, "a");    // This will return a record
stmt.setString(1, "a   "); // This will return a record
stmt.executeQuery();

EDIT: Now these are the constraints:

• The above workaround is not desireable as it modifies both the contents of c and ?, AND it makes using indexes on c quite hard.
• Moving the column from CHAR to VARCHAR (which it should be, of course) is not possible

EDIT: The reasons for these constraints is because I ask this question from the point of view of the developer of jOOQ, a database abstraction library. So my requirements are to provide a very generic solution that doesn't break anything in jOOQ's client code. That is why I'm not really a big fan of the workaround. And that's why I don't have access to that CHAR column's declaration. But still, I want to be able to handle this case.

What would you do instead? What's a good practice for handling CHAR data types when I want to ignore trailing whitespace?

Answer 1

If you want

stmt.setString(1, "a");    // This won't return any records

to return a record, try

conn.prepareStatement("select * from x where c = cast(? as char(4))")