MySQL - UPDATE multiple rows with different values in one query

Question

You can do it this way:

UPDATE table_users
    SET cod_user = (case when user_role = 'student' then '622057'
                         when user_role = 'assistant' then '2913659'
                         when user_role = 'admin' then '6160230'
                    end),
        date = '12082014'
    WHERE user_role in ('student', 'assistant', 'admin') AND
          cod_office = '17389551';

I don't understand your date format. Dates should be stored in the database using native date and time types.

MySQL allows a more readable way to combine multiple updates into a single query. This seems to better fit the scenario you describe, is much easier to read, and avoids those difficult-to-untangle multiple conditions.

INSERT INTO table_users (cod_user, date, user_rol, cod_office)
VALUES
('622057', '12082014', 'student', '17389551'),
('2913659', '12082014', 'assistant','17389551'),
('6160230', '12082014', 'admin', '17389551')
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
 cod_user=VALUES(cod_user), date=VALUES(date)

This assumes that the user_rol, cod_office combination is a primary key. If only one of these is the primary key, then add the other field to the UPDATE list. If neither of them is a primary key (that seems unlikely) then this approach will always create new records - probably not what is wanted.

However, this approach makes prepared statements easier to build and more concise.

You can use a CASE statement to handle multiple if/then scenarios:

UPDATE table_to_update 
SET  cod_user= CASE WHEN user_rol = 'student' THEN '622057'
                   WHEN user_rol = 'assistant' THEN '2913659'
                   WHEN user_rol = 'admin' THEN '6160230'
               END
    ,date = '12082014'
WHERE user_rol IN ('student','assistant','admin')
  AND cod_office = '17389551';

update table_name
set cod_user = 
    CASE 
    WHEN user_rol = 'student' THEN '622057'
    WHEN user_rol = 'assistant' THEN '2913659'
    WHEN user_rol = 'admin' THEN '6160230'?
    END,date = '12082014'

WHERE user_rol IN ('student','assistant','admin')
AND cod_office = '17389551';

To Extend on @Trevedhek answer,

In case the update has to be done with non-unique keys, 4 queries will be need

NOTE: This is not transaction-safe

This can be done using a temp table.

Step 1: Create a temp table keys and the columns you want to update

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE  temp_table_users
(
    cod_user varchar(50)
    , date varchar(50)
    , user_rol varchar(50)
    ,  cod_office varchar(50)
) ENGINE=MEMORY

Step 2: Insert the values into the temp table

Step 3: Update the original table

UPDATE table_users t1
JOIN temp_table_users tt1 using(user_rol,cod_office)
SET 
t1.cod_office = tt1.cod_office
t1.date = tt1.date

Step 4: Drop the temp table

UPDATE Table1 SET col1= col2 FROM (SELECT col2, col3 FROM Table2) as newTbl WHERE col4= col3

Here col4 & col1 are in Table1. col2 & col3 are in Table2
I Am trying to update each col1 where col4 = col3 different value for each row